MULTIPLE SITE OPTICAL RECORDING OF MEMBRANE POTENTIAL

某些物质，当结合到神经元，心脏和 骨骼肌，腺体和其他细胞，作为分子指标， 膜电位 这些分子的光学性质各不相同 与电位呈线性关系，因此可用于监测动作 电位、突触电位或膜电压的其他变化， 一次扫描大量的部位，而不需要使用电极。 的 该项目将开发更敏感的探针，增加我们对 他们通过这种机制来降低电压， 与他们的使用有关。 目的是利用这些分子 光学记录膜电位的电压表 单个神经元不可及的区域，如神经末梢， 树枝状分支，并从许多网站同时在小 在组织培养中的神经元的集合，以研究空间和 活动的时间模式。 首先，一种新的高分辨率计算机多站点系统 将构建跨膜电压的光学记录（MSORTV）， 能够监测膜电位的变化， 一次，这个装置将被用来研究真正的性质， 简单的神经系统-突触连接的小集合 培养中的中枢神经元--通过光记录电 所有组件的活动同时进行。 第二，该装置将用于记录膜电位变化 从单个神经元的精细过程中，以确定电 神经元结构的主动和被动特性， 可被电极穿透，并且经常离得太远，电， 他们的活动将反映在索马里。 最后，该项目将利用实验室的独特能力， 监测脊椎动物神经末梢的电活动， 神经肽释放部位的离子通道，并与联合收割机 光子吸收法测定神经末梢兴奋 相关研究，使用激光散射，为了更好地 了解脊椎动物神经元中的兴奋如何与分泌相结合 和其他地方。

Certain substances, when bound to the membranes of neurons, cardiac and skeletal muscle, glands, and other cells, behave as molecular indicators of membrane potential. The optical properties of these molecules vary linearly with potential and may, therefore, be used to monitor action potentials, synaptic potentials, or other changes in membrane voltage from a large number of sites at once, without the use of electrodes. The project will develop more sensitive probes, add to our understanding of the mechanisms by which they transduce voltage, and extend the technology associated with their use. The intention is to use these molecular voltmeters for optical recording of membrane potential from otherwise inaccessible regions of single neurons such as nerve terminals and dendritic arborizations, and from many sites simultaneously in small ensembles of neurons in tissue culture in order to study the spatial and temporal patterning of activity. First, a new high resolution computer based system for Multiple Site Optical Recording of Transmembrane Voltage (MSORTV) will be constructed, capable of monitoring changes in membrane potential from as many as 464 at once, and this apparatus will be used to study the properties of truly simple nervous systems - small ensembles of synaptically connected Aplysia central neurons maintained in culture - by optical recording of electrical activity from all of their components simultaneously. Second, this apparatus will be used to record membrane potential changes from fine processes of single neurons in order to determine the electrical properties, both active and passive, of neuronal structures which are not penetrable by electrodes and are frequently too far away, electrically, for their activity to be reflected in the somata. Finally, the project will exploit the laboratory's unique ability to monitor electrical activity in the nerve terminals of vertebrates to study the ion channels at the release sites of neuropeptides, and to combine absorption measurements of excitation at nerve terminals with photon correlation studies, using laser light scattering, in order better to understand how excitation is coupled to secretion, in vertebrate neurons and elsewhere.