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New Catalytic C-H Activation and Decarboxylation Chemistry for Synthesis

新型催化 C-H 活化和脱羧化学合成

基本信息

批准号：
EP/K013599/1
负责人：
Michael Greaney
金额：
$ 43.5万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK013599%2F1
关键词：
New Catalytic Activation Decarboxylation Chemistry

项目摘要

The proposed research looks to create new ways of making molecules using catalysts - catalytic chemistry. A catalyst is something added in very small amounts to a reaction that will make it faster, and they play a very important in modern chemistry. Up to 90% of chemically produced materials have used a catalyst in their production - the enzymes in washing powder are a type of biological catalyst that helps break down organic stains on clothes, for example. The catalytic converter in a car contains precious metal catalysts that help convert harmful nitrogen monoxide fumes into harmless nitrogen gas.Catalysts can dramatically accelerate chemical reactions, to the extent where some impossibly slow processes become highly efficient when performed under catalytic conditions. The challenge is matching up the right catalyst with the right chemical reaction. This research proposal will look at ways of manipulating the carbon-hydrogen bond through catalysis. The C-H bond is often thought of as inert, being the most common bond in organic chemistry and frequently a by-stander in chemical reactions. Its common occurrence, though, gives it tremendous potential as a site for chemical manipulation - if ways can be found to do this selectively under mild reaction conditions. We now have methods in place to achieve C-H activation using transition metal catalysis, and we are looking to exploit their economic and environmental benefits in streamlined chemical synthesis.We will apply the catalytic reactions we discover to make a class of molecule called heterocycles. Heterocyclic compounds have enormous importance in our society: DNA, sugars, proteins, the molecules of nature, drugs, insecticides and vitamins represent just some of the classes of heterocycle essential to the way we live our lives. As a result, the discovery of new and improved ways to synthesise new and improved heterocycles is at the forefront of modern chemistry research. The use of C-H activation offers substantial improvements to both the synthesis of existing heterocyclic compounds and the discovery of new ones, which can have wide application in medicine, engineering and agriculture.

这项拟议中的研究旨在创造使用催化剂制造分子的新方法-催化化学。催化剂是添加到反应中的非常少量的东西，它会使反应更快，它们在现代化学中起着非常重要的作用。高达90%的化学生产材料在生产过程中使用了催化剂-例如，洗衣粉中的酶是一种生物催化剂，有助于分解衣服上的有机污渍。汽车中的催化转化器含有贵金属催化剂，可帮助将有害的一氧化氮烟雾转化为无害的氮气。催化剂可以显著加速化学反应，在催化条件下，某些缓慢得不可思议的过程变得非常高效。挑战在于将正确的催化剂与正确的化学反应相匹配。这项研究计划将着眼于通过催化来操纵碳氢键的方法。C-H键通常被认为是惰性的，是有机化学中最常见的键，并且在化学反应中经常是旁观者。然而，它的普遍存在使其具有巨大的潜力作为化学操纵的场所-如果可以找到在温和的反应条件下选择性地这样做的方法。我们现在已经有了利用过渡金属催化实现C-H活化的方法，我们正在寻求在流线型化学合成中利用其经济和环境效益。我们将应用我们发现的催化反应来制造一类称为杂环的分子。杂环化合物在我们的社会中具有巨大的重要性：DNA，糖，蛋白质，自然分子，药物，杀虫剂和维生素只是我们生活方式中必不可少的杂环的一部分。因此，发现新的和改进的方法来合成新的和改进的杂环是现代化学研究的前沿。C-H活化的使用为现有杂环化合物的合成和新杂环化合物的发现提供了实质性的改进，这在医学，工程和农业中具有广泛的应用。