ROLE OF SUBCORTICAL AUDITORY NUCLEI IN CONDITIONING

我们的主要研究目标是研究细胞基础 在简化的电路中的联合、区分条件作用 在哺乳动物的大脑中，神经变化可以与 调节条件反射。神经活动的变化和 支持条件刺激辨别的兴奋性 来自另一种听觉刺激的神经将被研究 皮层下听觉区域与慢速和快速性的关系 后天眨眼条件反射。的短(8-12毫秒)延迟 CR表示吞吐量降低的电路，该电路 促进必要的解剖学、电生理学和 行为分析。 其他目标包括： 1.细胞内膜性质的鉴定 支持与以下相关的活动和兴奋性变化的单位 条件反射。 2.为了区分不同类型的受累细胞，它们的局部 环路以及它们更远的轴突投射 细胞内注射标记剂。 3.为了研究快速作用的推定神经递质的作用， 它们的阻断剂，以及它们可能的细胞内信使 关于皮质下神经元被证明是活跃的支持 歧视性条件反射。 研究结果应能提供有关神经学的重要信息。 哺乳动物中的机制和途径，调节联合， 短与长的辨别性条件作用及其相关方面 术语记忆。将获得有关该角色的更多信息 皮质下神经元在加速这一过程中的作用 条件性反应。目前对学习和学习的理解 相关现象因缺乏具体知识而受到限制。大有可为 1)康复方面目前的医疗实践 对于中风患者，2)行为心理治疗，3)治疗 智力低下和记忆障碍的风险也同样有限。 新的知识有可能被应用于这些人类健康 护理需求。

Our main research objective is to investigate the cellular basis of associative, discriminative conditioning in a simplified circuit in the mammalian brain in which neural changes can be related to mediation of conditioning. Changes in neural activity and excitability supporting discrimination of a conditioned stimulus from another auditory stimulus will be investigated in neurons of subcortical auditory areas in relation to slowly and rapidly acquired eyeblink conditioning. The short (8-12 ms) latency of the CR is indicative of a reduced throughput circuitry which facilitates the necessary anatomical, electrophysiological and behavioral analyses. Other aims are: 1. To identify the membrane properties of intracellularly studied units that support activity and excitability changes related to conditioning. 2. To distinguish different types of involved cells, their local circuities, and their more distant axonal projections by intracellular injection of marking agents. 3. To study effects of rapidly acting putative neurotransmitters, their blocking agents, and their possible intracellular messengers on subcortical neurons shown to be active in supporting discriminative conditioning. The results should provide significant information about neural mechanisms and pathways in mammals that mediate associative, discriminative conditioning and related aspects of short and long term memory. Further information will be obtained about the role of subcortical neurons in accelerating rates of acquisition of this conditioned response. Present understanding of learning and related phenomena is limited by a lack of specific knowledge. Much of the current medical practice in the areas of 1) rehabilitation of stroke victims, 2) behavioral psychotherapy, and 3) treatment of mental retardation and memory disorders is similarly limited. New knowledge could potentially be applied to these human health care needs.