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SEGMENTAL CONTROL OF NECK MUSCLES

颈部肌肉的分段控制

基本信息

批准号：
3408200
负责人：
EMILY E BRINK
金额：
$ 0.93万
依托单位：
ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1986-08-01 至 1987-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3408200
关键词：
afferent nerve body movement electrophysiology electrostimulus head movements innervation limbs neck neural information processing neuromuscular function posture spinal cord mapping spinal cord surgery stretch receptors stretch reflex synapses

项目摘要

The long-term objective of this project is to understand how spinal cord mechanisms are adapted in different regions of the spinal cord to subserve different kinds of movement or functions. This will be studied by examining organization within the neck segments, for muscles involved in head movements. The results will be compared to the extensive knowledge of spinal mechanisms in the hindlimb segments, as well as to the scarcer observations on organization in other regions. The experiments will focus on the reflexes and presynaptic actions of group I muscle afferents (Ia from spindles, Ib from Golgi tendon organs), since the most detailed comparative observations available concern these actions. However, information on actions of other afferents (from muscle or skin), and on other mechanisms (recurrent effects), will be obtained in the course of the experiments, to extend knowledge of the segmental control of head movements. It is hypothesized that presynaptic actions (which are exerted on other afferents) assist reflex actions in producing specific movements. This would mean that specific patterns of presynaptic actions should match specific patterns of reflex actions, as would be revealed by describing the properties and numbers of neuronal subsystems mediating the actions. It would also mean that presynaptic and reflex actions should vary together in different regions of the spinal cord, to serve different movements. The experiments will be performed on anesthetized cats. Intracellular and intraaxonal recording will be used to study what actions occur: particularly, whether Ib reflexes, Ia reciprocal inhibition, and the Ia reflexes mimicking Ib reflexes occur in the neck segments as in the hindlimb. The distribution of presynaptic actions will be investigated; the study of Ia synergisms extended. Electrical stimulation of a variety of nerves, spatial facilitation methods, and selective activation of Ia and Ib afferents, will be used to characterize underlying neuronal systems, in terms of patterns of convergent inputs for specific targets. Distributions of effects, the neuronal systems described, will be examined for parallelisms or assymetries of actions of different spinal mechanisms. Variations in segmental control will be compared to variations in descending control. By examining regional adaptation of reflexes and spinal mechanism controlling them, this project will provide further insight into the way movements and posture are normally produced and controlled.

这个项目的长期目标是了解脊髓机制在脊髓的不同区域进行调整，以帮助不同的运动或功能。这将由以下人员进行研究：检查颈段内的组织，头部运动。结果将与广泛的知识，后肢节段的脊柱机制，以及更罕见的对其他区域组织的意见。实验将集中在群体的反射和突触前活动 I肌传入（Ia来自纺锤体，Ib来自高尔基体腱器官），现有的最详细的比较观察涉及这些行动然而，关于其他传入神经（来自肌肉）的动作的信息或皮肤），以及其他机制（复发效应），将在实验过程中，扩大知识的分段控制头部的运动。据推测，突触前活动（施加在其他传入）协助反射作用，在生产特定的动作这意味着突触前活动的特定模式应该与特定的反射动作模式相匹配，描述了介导神经元亚系统的性质和数量，行动这也意味着突触前和反射活动应该在脊髓的不同区域一起变化，以服务于不同的动作实验将在麻醉猫上进行。细胞内和轴突内记录将用于研究发生了什么动作：尤其是Ib反射、Ia相互抑制和Ia 模仿Ib反射的反射发生在颈部，如在后肢研究突触前活动的分布; Ia协同作用的研究得到了扩展。各种电刺激神经，空间促进方法，选择性激活Ia和 Ib传入，将用于表征潜在的神经元系统，特定目标的收敛输入模式的术语。分布的影响，所描述的神经系统，将检查不同脊柱机制的动作的平行或不对称。分段控制的变化将与下行控制通过研究反射的区域适应性，脊柱机制控制他们，这个项目将提供进一步的洞察运动和姿势通常产生的方式，控制。