CIRCANNUAL RHYTHMS OF ENERGY BALANCE AND BEHAVIOR

总的目标是描绘神经内分泌之间的相互作用 调节能量平衡、冬眠和繁殖的机制。 这些行为中的每一种的年周期节律在 金背地松鼠（Spermophilus lateralis）， 所有实验中的物种。 具体目标包括：（1）特征化 在深度麻痹和唤醒期间的代谢燃料利用; 2）确定 代谢燃料利用率在控制冬眠发作中作用 长度; 3）在深低温下评估脂肪组织功能 迟钝; 4）控制代谢燃料的神经机制的具体化 在深度麻痹和唤醒期间的利用; 5）描述 脂肪组织储存的大小对麻痹持续时间和频率的影响 唤醒; 6）评估能量储备与 特定代谢燃料的可用性。 体重相关的问题是一个主要的医疗问题。 仍有许多工作 我们不了解的生理机制 食物摄入和身体脂肪调节。 解读代谢燃料 储存和调动在一个模型系统中， 松鼠可以提供重要的见解，这些监管 哺乳动物尤其是人类的基因组学 类似地第 更好地了解可逆性体温过低的机制是 潜在的医疗进口。 新陈代谢，血液流动等的减少。 与体温过低同时发生可能在许多类型的 大手术 目前对这种机制知之甚少， 地松鼠和其他冬眠动物经历长时间的低温 对人类和其他哺乳动物是致命的 拟议研究 解决了调控生物学中的基本问题，从而提供了 制定适用于所有人的一般原则的机会 哺乳动物

The overall goal is to delineate the interactions among neuroendocrine mechanisms that regulate energy balance, hibernation, and reproduction. Circannual rhythms of each of these behaviors have been well described in the golden-mantled ground squirrel (Spermophilus lateralis), the model species in all experiments. Specific aims include: 1) characterizing metabolic fuel utilization during deep torpor and arousal; 2) determining the role of metabolic fuel availability in controlling hibernation bout length; 3) evaluating adipose tissue function at low temperatures of deep torpor; 4) specification of neural mechanisms that control metabolic fuel utilization during deep torpor and arousal; 5) describing the effect of size of adipose tissue stores on duration of torpor and frequency of arousal; 6) evaluating the relation between energy reserves and availability of specific metabolic fuels. Body weight related problems are a major medical concern. Much remains that we do not understand about the physiological mechanisms underlying food intake and body fat regulation. Deciphering how metabolic fuels are stored and mobilized in a model system like the golden-mantled ground squirrel could provide important insights into the regulation of these processes for mammals in general and humans in particular. Similarly, a better understanding of the mechanisms of reversible hypothermia is of potential medical import. The reduced metabolism, blood flow, etc. coincident with hypothermia may be very beneficial during many types of major surgery. Little is known at this time of the mechanism that allows ground squirrels and other hibernators to undergo prolonged hypothermia which is lethal to humans and other mammals. The proposed research addresses fundamental questions in regulatory biology and, thereby, affords the opportunity of establishing general principles applicable to all mammals.