Co-design of the built environment for mobility in later life

机动性、幸福感和建筑环境：晚年的幸福感与保持独立性、身体活动本身和能够活动的感觉有关。流动性对于获得服务、资源和设施、社会参与和避免孤独至关重要。因此，移动性被更广泛地描述为“与世界的接触”。建筑环境的设计在促进或阻碍移动性方面发挥着关键作用。因此，对建筑环境进行适当的设计或重新设计可以扩大视野，支持福祉。然而，这个项目侧重于物理设计或建筑环境重新设计的补充或替代方案。设计和适应是时间和资源密集型的。由于预算限制，许多众所周知的流动障碍仍然存在。建筑环境的设计只是机动性和幸福感的决定因素之一。任何一个环境都不能一下子满足所有的需求，甚至对个人来说，需求也可能不同，因为人们正在经历可能改变流动性和幸福感的关键物理和社会转型。基于参与性研究，该项目旨在创建一套选项和工具，这些选项和工具可能能够满足不同的需求，支持流动性和幸福感，并且比适应已建环境更快、更负担得起。研究旨在：1)探索老年人在经历关键但常见的人生转型时的流动性和幸福感；2)调查和解决不同老年人群体(甚至是单身人士)需求的变化和矛盾，以及不同建筑环境议程之间的差异和矛盾；以及3)共同创建实用工具，作为建筑环境重新设计的补充或替代方案。我们将选择三个不同的地区作为其余研究的基础，并采访每个地区的c15个当地利益相关者。然后，我们将启动一项开创性的季度移动性和幸福感跟踪研究，与这三个网站的c120名老年人合作，他们正在经历关键但常见的生活转型，如失去驾照、失去伴侣或成为照顾者。这些转变通常被视为流动性和幸福感恶化的关键点，也是支持和干预的关键点。然后，我们将在研讨会和共同设计会议中与一小群老年人合作，探索干预作为通过重新设计促进流动性和幸福感的替代和补充的潜力。每一次都将包括研究人员和老年人之间长达一天的一系列会议，为期约一年。其中一组研讨会将探讨“众包”和参与式地理信息系统如何能够很好地添加和整理有关移动性的需求和障碍的信息。另一项活动将让对建筑环境有不同兴趣的老年人参与进来，探讨冲突和在一些问题上达成共识的可能性。将与老年人共同设计研讨会，探索基于智能手机的移动技术，帮助人们避免特定地区移动的关键障碍。其他研讨会将与机动滑板车用户、制造商和机动性可能受到滑板车威胁的人合作，探讨改装滑板车以减少问题的可行性。项目产出将包括：一个项目网站、可供项目利益攸关方和其他人查阅的年度临时报告和总结报告、一份总结性报告、团队成员各学科学术期刊上的文章、相关专业人员的商业新闻文章、可能的视频或新媒体、一次当地利益攸关方和老年人会议和全国“路演”，以及其他传播活动。

Mobility, wellbeing and the built environment: Wellbeing in later life is linked to the maintenance of independence, physical mobility itself and the sense of being able to get about. Mobility is vital for accessing services, resources and facilities, for social participation, and for avoiding loneliness. Thus mobility has been described more broadly as 'engagement with the world'.The design of the built environment has a key role to play in enabling - or frustrating - mobility. Thus appropriate design or redesign of the built environment can expand horizons and support wellbeing. However, this project focuses on complements or alternatives to physical design or redesign of the built environment. Design and adaptation are time and resource intensive. Many well-understood mobility barriers remain in place because of budget constraints. Design of the built environment is just one the determinants of mobility and wellbeing. Any one environment cannot meet all needs at once, and needs can vary even for an individual, as people pass through key physical and social transitions which may alter mobility and wellbeing.Based on participatory research, this project aims to create a suite of options and tools which may be able to meet contrasting needs, support mobility and wellbeing, and do so more quickly and affordably than adapting the built environment.The research aims to: 1) Explore mobility and wellbeing for older people going through critical but common life transitions; 2) Investigate and address variation and contradictions in needs of different groups of older people (and even for single individuals over time), and between different built environment agendas; and 3) To co-create practical tools which can act as complements or alternatives to redesign of the built environment.After a foundation stage the work will commence with interviews with national experts and stakeholders. We will select three contrasting local areas in which to base the rest of the research, and interview c15 local stakeholders in each area. We will then start a pioneering quarterly tracking study of mobility and wellbeing, working with c120 older people in the three sites who are experiencing critical but common life transitions such as losing a driving license, losing a partner, or becoming a carer. These transitions are often seen as key points for deterioration in mobility and wellbeing, and as key points for support and intervention.We will then work with a series of small groups of older people in workshops and co-design sessions, to explore the potential for interventions as alternatives and complements to promoting mobility and wellbeing via redesign. Each will involve a series of day-long meetings between researchers and older people, over about a year. One set of workshops will explore how well 'crowdsourcing' and Participatory Geographical Information Systems can add to and collate information about mobility wants and needs and barriers. Another will involve older people with varying interests in relation to the built environment, to explore conflicts and the potential for consensus on some issues. There will be co-design workshops with older people to explore mobile technologies based on SmartPhones, to help people avoid key blockages to mobility in particular areas. Other workshops will work with mobility scooter users, and manufacturers and those whose mobility may be threatened by scooters, to explore the feasibility of adapting scooters to reduce problems. The impact of participation itself will be tracked.Project outputs will include: a project website, accessible annual interim and summative reports to project stakeholders and others, a summative report, articles for academic journals across team member disciplines, trade press articles for relevant professionals, potentially video or new media, a local stakeholder and older person conference and national 'Roadshow', as well as other dissemination events.