CLINICAL DECISION MAKING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

我们建议将人工智能方法应用于研究 临床决策与知识型专家医学人才的创新 咨询项目。此应用程序提出了三个相关的 调查：1.研究受聘医生的认知过程 在临床决策中通过收集和分析 他们自愿并在解决临床问题的同时得到回应； 描述所使用的知识表示和解决问题的方法 医生在涉及相当大的不确定性和相当大的 风险；按不同程度研究专家在技能和风格上的差异 专业知识和次级专业化领域。2.开发新的方法， 允许专家程序通过论证来解释和证明他们的结论 从基本的医学事实和原则出发，重建路径 这些基础导致了程序的行为；为了改善 自动编程方法的应用，使性能 程序将根据这些事实和原则自动生成。3. 继续开发决策分析和敏感性分析 在微型计算机上用于临床和政策分析的系统 将该系统分发给有限的临床医生和研究人员队列， 并研究它的用途。

We propose to apply artificial intelligence methods to the study of clinical decision making and the creation of knowledgable expert medical consulting programs. This application proposes three related investigations: 1. To study the cognitive processes of physicians engaged in clinical decision making by collecting and analyzing transcripts of their volunteered and elicited responses while solving clinical problems; to describe the knowledge representations and problem-solving methods used by physicians in cases involving considerable uncertainty and considerable risk; to study the variation in skills and style of experts by degree of expertise and area of sub-specialization. 2. To develop new methods that allow expert programs to explain and justify their conclusions by arguing from fundamental medical facts and principles and reconstructing the path by which those bases have led to the program's behavior; to improve the application of automatic programming methods to allow the performance program to be generated automatically from these facts and principles. 3. To continue development of a decision analysis and sensitivity analysis system for clinical and policy analysis use on microcomputers; to distribute that system to a limited cohort of clinicians and investigators, and to study its use.