ORAL TRANSPORT AND SWALLOWING

口腔运输和吞咽

• 批准号: 3461871
• 负责人: Jeffrey Bruce Palmer
• 金额: $ 13.04万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3461871
• 关键词: barium; cinefluorography; computer data analysis; eating; electromyography; facial bones; facial muscles; gravity; human subject; image processing; jaw movement; mastication; statistics /biometry; swallowing; tongue; videotape /videodisc

The purpose of this study is to describe the coordination of mastication, oral food transport and swallowing during intake of solid food in normal human subjects. Although swallowing includes preparatory, oral, and pharyngeal stages, most prior research in humans has focused on the pharyngeal stage as an isolated event. This project focuses on the preparatory and oral stages of swallowing and their relationship during the process of feeding. Specific aims include determining how motions of the hyoid bone and tongue are coordinated with jaw motion cycles (gape cycles) during food intake, and describing how varying the physical characteristics of the food affects oral transport and swallowing. Other specific aims are to determine how instructing subjects to swallow on command alters the coordination of the preparatory, oral, and pharyngeal stages; and discerning whether the oral transport mechanism is dependent on gravity. Simultaneous videofluorography and electromyography will be performed on subjects eating a variety of radiopaque foods. Each subject will begin by sitting upright and eating in a spontaneous manner, while images are recorded in the lateral projection. A subgroup will repeat the protocol during postero-anterior imaging. Another sub-group will eat each food a second time with instructions to chew the food, hold it in the mouth, and swallow on command. A third sub-group will repeat the protocol lying prone, to study the effect of gravity. Videofluorographic and electromyographic data will be digitized and acquired by a computer. The progression of the bolus through the foodway and the overall movement patterns of the jaw, hyoid bone, and tongue will be evaluated by reviewing the videotapes in slow motion, one frame at a time. Graphs will be constructed to show myoelectric activity and motion of the jaw and hyoid bone over time. Temporal relationships among jaw motion, byoid motion, tongue shape, and muscle activity will be quantified using a variety of statistical techniques. This project will provide important new understanding of the basic motor control mechanisms underlying mastication and swallowing.

这项研究的目的是描述咀嚼的协调， 正常人摄取固体食物时的口腔食物转运和吞咽 人类受试者。虽然吞咽包括预备、口腔和 咽部阶段，大多数先前对人类的研究都集中在 咽部阶段作为一个孤立的事件。本项目的重点是 吞咽的准备阶段和口腔阶段及其相互关系 喂食的过程。具体目标包括确定 舌骨和舌头与颌骨运动周期(张口周期)相协调 在食物摄入过程中，并描述了如何改变身体特征 食物的摄入会影响口腔运输和吞咽。其他具体目标包括 为了确定指示受试者在命令下吞咽如何改变 准备阶段、口腔阶段和咽部阶段的协调； 辨别口腔转运机制是否依赖重力。 将同时进行视频荧光摄影和肌电描记 受试者吃各种不透射线的食物。每门课都将从 坐得笔直，吃得很自然，而图像是 记录在横向投影图中。一个小组将重复该方案 在后前位成像过程中。另一个小组将吃每种食物一次 第二次，按照指示咀嚼食物，将其含在嘴里，然后 听命令吞咽。第三个小组将重复该方案 俯卧，研究重力的影响。视频荧光法和 肌电数据将被数字化，并由计算机获取。这个 推进剂在食道和整体运动中的进展 颌骨、舌骨和舌骨的类型将通过复习来评估 录像带是慢动作的，一次一帧。图表将是 构造用于显示颌骨和舌骨的肌电活动和运动 随着时间的推移，骨子里。下颌运动、类鼻翼运动、 舌形和肌肉活动将使用不同的 统计技术。该项目将提供重要的新的 理解咀嚼的基本运动控制机制 还有吞咽。