NEUROMUSCULAR ACTIVITY OF THE PHARYNX DURING SWALLOWING

人类吞咽的生理学很复杂，而且很差。 明白了。本项目的目标是分析 推动吞咽药丸的神经肌肉机制 通过咽部进入食道。这项工作很重要 由于吞咽障碍会导致严重的发病率和 死亡率。咽-食道(PE)段的功能是 吞咽过程中的关键部分。这一段， 包括下咽的下部和上咽部 颈段食道的一部分，当 咽部处于静止状态，但在吞咽时打开，以允许 药丸的通过。我们将研究这一活动的机制 通过对咽壁运动和肌电的详细分析 咽部肌肉的活动。 将同时进行两条研究路线。第一个是 咽壁运动的精确视频X线测量 使用不透射线的吸盘标记。初步研究表明 显示不透射线标记技术展示了大量的 没有意识到的头尾移位 传统的吞钡放射摄影技术。一种计算机系统，用于 数字化和处理这样的标记运动记录将是 用于分析这些数据，然后该技术将用于 对咽部和PE节段进行详细研究。 研究的第二条线是视频放射照相术在 结合某些固有肌电和肌电 咽部外在肌肉分析这些肌肉的方式 产生吞咽的动作。肌肉的作用将会 通过分析时间关系来研究 肌电活动和运动。两者之间的协同效应 咽下缩肌和吊环(或提升器) 咽喉部肌肉对体育运动的控制作用 细分市场将是此次调查的一个特别重点。 这项研究将阐明正常吞咽的生理学。 并开发了适用于异常情况研究的技术 吞下去。

The physiology of swallowing in man is complex and poorly understood. The objective of this project is analysis of the neuromuscular mechanism by which a swallowed bolus is propelled through the pharynx into the esophagus. This work is important since disorders of swallowing cause significant morbidity and mortality. The function of the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segment is a critical part of the process of swallowing. This segment, encompassing the lower portion of the hypopharynx and the upper portion of the cervical esophagus, is closed actively when the pharynx is at rest but opens during swallowing to permit the passage of the bolus. We will study the mechanism of this activity by detailed analysis of pharyngeal wall motions and of myoelectric activity in the muscles of the pharynx. Two concurrent lines of research will be pursued. The first is precise video-radiographic measurement of pharyngeal wall motions using radiopaque suction cup markers. Preliminary studies have shown that the radiopaque marker technique demonstrates large cephalocaudal displacements which were not appreciated with traditional barium swallow videoradiography. A computer system for digitizing and processing such marker motion recordings will be used to analyze these data and the technique will then be used for detailed study of the pharynx and PE segment. The second line of research is the use of videoradiography in combination with electromyography of certain intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the pharynx to analyze the way these muscles produce the motions of swallowing. The roles of the muscles will be studied by analyzing the temporal relationship between myoelectric activity and motion. The synergism between the inferior pharyngeal constrictors and the suspensory (or elevator) muscles of the pharynx and larynx in controlling motion of the PE segment will be a particular focus of this investigation. This research will both clarify the physiology of normal swallowing and develop techniques applicable to the study of abnormal swallowing.