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SPIN SPACE - Spatially encoded telecoms and quantum technologies using spin-enabled all-optical switching

SPIN SPACE - 使用自旋全光交换进行空间编码的电信和量子技术

基本信息

批准号：
EP/M024156/1
负责人：
Ruth Oulton
金额：
$ 107.35万
依托单位：
University of Bristol
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM024156%2F1
关键词：
SPIN SPACE Spatially encoded telecoms

项目摘要

Our planet is criss-crossed with optical fibres that influence almost every aspect our lives in the 21st century. However, despite the great advances in optical fibre communications technologies that have occurred in the past 20 years, we have already almost run out of data capacity. With more of the world online, and the "Internet of Things" predicted to connect up to a trillion devices in the next 20 years, we need to find better ways of overcoming fundamental limits in how much data we can send. Also looming on the horizon are new technologies that may use optical fibre telecommunication networks, such as quantum optics technologies, sending, for example, completely secure data using single photons. However, sending many of these photons but keeping each one separate is a major challenge.In answer to these new technologies, it has been suggested that sending information via a microstructured fibre may offer solutions to the challenges above. Microtructured fibres are rather like a stick of Brighton rock with a pattern running through. The simplest of these may be several cores running in parallel but optically isolated, whilst more complex designs involve controlled light leakage between the cores, or indeed a honeycomb structure with light travelling in the air. Recent ideas propose sending a pattern of light (either a light intensity pattern or a pattern of polarization) through the microstructured fibre with complex changes in the pattern containing encoded information.While much work is presently being carried out on signal propagation in microstructured fibres, it is clear that to create the signal, a means of producing a spatial laser pattern is required that can switch pattern over GHz timescales. More importantly, to perform functions such as rerouting signals from one area of the array or changing the pattern one requires a device with an optical input and output to be fed into the later fibre network. Switching an array using electrical contacts is tricky - one needs to individually access many micron-sized areas at fast speeds. We propose that if small (few micrometer) lasers are fabricated into a small forest of pillars that emit individual points of light vertically, we can generate complex patterns easily. We use a semiconductor laser, where the spin, the electron's intrinsic magnet, interacts differently depending on the light polarization - in some cases the photon is absorbed, in other cases the spin is in the wrong direction and the light passes through. We will thus control light pulses to flip the spins and perform optical logic in spatial arrays of these devices. This will allow incoming signals to be switched and re-routed.When the laser power is turned down, and very specific frequencies are used, we find that the light becomes intrinsically "grainy" - and turns into individual photons. We also know that the semiconductor can be prepared so that it behaves like a collection of atoms - at very specific wavelengths, the photon only "sees" one electron. Rather like an atom, the photon may be absorbed and an electron gains energy - however in our case it also interacts with the electron's spin. When the electron drops from its excited state and emits a photon, the photon has changed polarization. We can then filter out the outgoing photons from the incoming ones and use the scattered photons as a "single photon source" - where exactly one photon is produced per optical pulse. This source allows completely secure information to be sent, and is the starting point for photon quantum computing, where many of these individual photons are made to interact and encode information for a quantum computer.

我们的星球上遍布着光纤，这些光纤几乎影响着我们世纪生活的方方面面。然而，尽管过去20年来光纤通信技术取得了巨大进步，但我们的数据容量几乎已经耗尽。随着世界上越来越多的人上网，“物联网”预计将在未来20年内连接多达1万亿台设备，我们需要找到更好的方法来克服我们可以发送多少数据的根本限制。同样即将出现的是可能使用光纤电信网络的新技术，如量子光学技术，例如使用单光子发送完全安全的数据。然而，发送这些光子中的许多光子但保持每个光子分开是一个重大挑战。为了回答这些新技术，有人建议通过微结构光纤发送信息可能会为上述挑战提供解决方案。微结构纤维很像一根布莱顿岩石，上面贯穿着一种图案。其中最简单的可能是几个并行但光学隔离的芯，而更复杂的设计涉及芯之间的受控光泄漏，或者实际上是光在空气中传播的蜂窝结构。最近的想法提出发送一个模式的光（无论是光强度模式或模式的偏振）通过微结构光纤与复杂的变化，在模式包含编码的information.While许多工作目前正在进行的信号在微结构光纤中的传播，很明显，要创建的信号，需要一种方法，产生一个空间激光模式，可以切换模式超过GHz的时间尺度。更重要的是，为了执行诸如从阵列的一个区域重新路由信号或改变图案的功能，需要具有光学输入和输出的设备被馈送到后面的光纤网络中。使用电触点切换阵列是棘手的-需要以快速的速度单独访问许多微米大小的区域。我们建议，如果小（几微米）激光器被制造成一个小森林的支柱，垂直发射单独的光点，我们可以很容易地产生复杂的图案。我们使用半导体激光器，其中自旋，电子的固有磁体，根据光的偏振而不同地相互作用-在某些情况下，光子被吸收，在其他情况下，自旋在错误的方向上，光通过。因此，我们将控制光脉冲来翻转自旋，并在这些设备的空间阵列中执行光学逻辑。当激光功率降低，使用非常特定的频率时，我们发现光本质上变得“颗粒状”--并变成单个光子。我们还知道，半导体可以被制备成原子的集合--在特定的波长下，光子只能“看到”一个电子。而像原子一样，光子可以被吸收，电子获得能量--但在我们的例子中，它也与电子的自旋相互作用。当电子从其激发态下降并发射光子时，光子已经改变了偏振。然后，我们可以从入射光子中过滤出输出光子，并将散射光子用作“单光子源”-每个光脉冲只产生一个光子。该源允许发送完全安全的信息，并且是光子量子计算的起点，其中许多这些单独的光子相互作用并为量子计算机编码信息。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A model for confined Tamm plasmon devices

受限Tamm等离子体激元装置的模型

DOI：
10.48550/arxiv.1809.07512
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Adams M
通讯作者：
Adams M

Optimal simultaneous measurements of incompatible observables of a single photon

DOI：
10.1364/optica.6.000257
发表时间：
2018-08
期刊：
Optica
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
A. Dada;W. McCutcheon;E. Andersson;J. Crickmore;I. Puthoor;B. Gerardot;A. McMillan;J. Rarity;R. Oulton
通讯作者：
A. Dada;W. McCutcheon;E. Andersson;J. Crickmore;I. Puthoor;B. Gerardot;A. McMillan;J. Rarity;R. Oulton

Model for confined Tamm plasmon devices