权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF BEHAVIOR

社会结构和行为发展

基本信息

批准号：
3469619
负责人：
MICHAEL PEREIRA
金额：
$ 8.08万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-05-01 至 1994-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3469619
关键词：
Prosimii aggression animal developmental psychology behavior prediction behavior test eating ethology longitudinal animal study small social group social behavior

项目摘要

The first longitudinal, comparative investigation of social structure and development of social behavior in lemurs is proposed. Major objectives are to illuminate the social structures of populations and groups of ringtailed and brown lemurs, and to determine how the behavior of adults and peers in these two societies canalizes development of social behavior in prereproductive individuals toward age- and sex-typical patterns. Because they mature relatively quickly, lemurs are particularly valuable yet untapped resources for research on primate behavioral development. This five-year study will produce behavioral data across prereproductive development for three birth-cohorts (10-15 subjects/cohort) and cross-sectional information from five cohorts of each age-sex class between late infancy and mature adulthood. Systematic behavioral sampling will focus on affinitive and agonistic interactions among juvenile, adolescent, and adult members of two groups of each species. Detailing both structural and contextual features of all social interactions will allow many questions essential to understanding the effects of species identity, age, sex, season, and group size/composition on the development of social behavior to be addressed. All subjects genealogies and histories are known and they live in forested enclosures that provide home ranges of natural size and structure; however, subjects also remain highly accessible for monthly data to be gathered on canine length, body weight, stage of estrus, testicular size and anatomy, and circulating levels of testosterone and cortisol. Several hypothetical relationships between societal and physiological influences on behavioral development will be investigated. Lemur societies represent a second major system of primate social organization and their investigation is a logical and critically important next avenue to pursue in comparative research. Females dominate males in Lemur societies. This female priority is expected to be associated with salient social dynamics not yet known or only partly illuminated for anthropoid primates because thy have not been anticipated or are more subtly expressed in "male-dominated" species. Also, species in which females dominate males provide unique opportunities to test important hypotheses concerning sex roles in society and the development of behavior. Currently, no long-term data are available for any group of prosimians to complement over 25 years of data from cercopithecine monkeys. With such data, coherent arrays of differences/similarities between prosimian, nonhuman anthropoid, and hominid behavior could be discerned that suggest plausible evolutionary changes in primate behavior and identify principles of primate behavioral development.

第一次纵向比较研究，结构和发展的狐猴的社会行为。主要目标是阐明社会结构，种群和群体的环尾和棕色狐猴，并确定成年人和同龄人的行为如何在这两个社会引导社会行为的发展生殖前个体的年龄和性别的典型模式。因为它们成熟得比较快，狐猴特别研究灵长类动物行为的宝贵而尚未开发的资源发展这项为期五年的研究将产生行为数据三个出生队列（10-15岁）的生殖前发育受试者/队列）和来自五个队列的横断面信息在婴儿晚期和成年期之间的每个年龄性别类别。系统的行为抽样将侧重于亲和力和少年、青少年和成人之间的竞争性相互作用每个物种的两个群体的成员。详细介绍了两个结构所有社会互动的背景特征将允许许多了解物种影响的关键问题身份、年龄、性别、季节和小组规模/组成社会行为的发展需要解决。所有受试者家谱和历史是已知的，他们生活在森林提供自然大小和结构的家域的围栏; 然而，主题也仍然很容易获得月度数据，收集犬的长度，体重，发情期，睾丸的大小和解剖结构，以及睾丸激素的循环水平和皮质醇几种假设的社会关系对行为发展的生理影响研究了狐猴社会代表了第二个灵长类社会组织和他们的调查是一个合乎逻辑的下一个至关重要的途径， research. 在狐猴社会中雌性支配雄性。这个女预计优先事项与突出的社会动态有关对灵长类动物还不了解或仅部分了解因为你没有被预料到或者被更巧妙地表达出来在“男性主导”的物种中。同样，雌性占主导地位的男性提供了独特的机会，以测试重要的关于社会中性别角色的假设和行为目前，没有任何群体的长期数据补充了25年来的数据，长尾猴有了这些数据，原猿类，非人类的类人猿，和原始人类的行为表明灵长类动物行为的进化变化，并确定原则灵长类动物行为发展的关键