Nash equilibria for load balancing in networked power systems

网络电力系统负载平衡的纳什均衡

• 批准号: EP/N013492/1
• 负责人: Christian Beck
• 金额: $ 63.38万
• 依托单位: Queen Mary University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN013492%2F1
• 关键词: Nash; equilibria; load; balancing; networked

Power systems must constantly maintain a balance between the instantaneous supply and demand for electricity. Coming technologies such as energy storage and demand-side management promise to make a significant contribution to this balancing challenge. The concept of demand-side management involves the ability of power utilities to influence electricity usage at consumers' premises either through direct control via a telecommunications system, or indirectly through incentives which are usually economic such as variable pricing tariffs. An electrical energy storage unit (such as Tesla's recently announced 'Powerwall', a rechargeable lithium-ion battery product for home use which stores electricity for domestic consumption, load shifting, and backup power) is a buffer used principally or exclusively to counteract the power imbalance between supply and demand. Energy storage technologies are typically reliable and always available, but this is not necessarily true for demand-side management solutions. The proposed research will explore the dynamic, multi-player, economic and operational 'games' arising when energy storage and demand-side management technologies are applied to power system balancing. We will use a game-theoretical approach to model this, combined with useful mathematical techniques borrowed from the statistical mechanics of complex systems and techniques developed for the analysis of complex networks. The operators of these technologies, as well as the entity responsible for balancing, are treated as agents within one or more markets for electricity. An important concept of solution in the study of these non-zero sum dynamic games is the so-called Nash equilibrium, in which no single player can improve their outcome by altering their decision unilaterally. In other words, a Nash equilibrium is a state in which no player can improve their situation by changing to another strategy. Equilibria are desirable in this context of balancing because they represent sustainable and stable setups. We will investigate the properties of these equilibrium states for a variety of stochastic models relevant in the load balancing context.By studying dynamic games we will address two fundamental research questions: firstly, how the operators of such new technologies should optimally act, and secondly how they should be appropriately rewarded in order to produce a suitable dynamic equilibrium in the balancing service they can provide. Further, by appropriately extending these games to networks we will explore how the dynamic equilibria change when such technologies are aggregated through third parties. In the most ambitious part of this proposal we will explore the effect of multiplex and evolving network topology when, for example, participation in load balancing is influenced by the participation of peers.

电力系统必须不断地保持电力的瞬时供应和需求之间的平衡。能源储存和需求侧管理等新技术有望为这一平衡挑战做出重大贡献。需求方管理的概念涉及电力公司通过电信系统直接控制或间接通过通常经济的激励措施（例如可变定价费率）来影响用户房屋的电力使用的能力。电能存储单元（例如特斯拉最近宣布的“Powerwall”，一种用于家庭使用的可充电锂离子电池产品，其存储用于家庭消费、负载转移和备用电源的电力）是主要或专门用于抵消供需之间的电力不平衡的缓冲器。储能技术通常是可靠的，并且总是可用的，但对于需求侧管理解决方案来说，这并不一定是真的。拟议的研究将探讨动态，多玩家，经济和运营的“游戏”时，能源存储和需求侧管理技术应用于电力系统平衡。我们将使用博弈论的方法来建模，结合从复杂系统的统计力学和复杂网络分析技术中借来的有用的数学技术。这些技术的运营商以及负责平衡的实体被视为一个或多个电力市场内的代理人。在这些非零和动态博弈的研究中，一个重要的解决方案概念是所谓的纳什均衡，其中没有一个玩家可以通过单方面改变他们的决定来改善他们的结果。换句话说，纳什均衡是一种状态，在这种状态下，没有一个参与者可以通过改变另一种策略来改善他们的处境。在这种平衡的背景下，均衡是可取的，因为它们代表了可持续和稳定的设置。我们将研究这些平衡状态的各种随机模型相关的负载balancingcontext.By研究动态博弈的属性，我们将解决两个基本的研究问题：首先，如何运营商的这种新技术应该最佳的行为，其次，他们应该如何适当的奖励，以产生一个合适的动态平衡，在平衡服务，他们可以提供。此外，通过适当地将这些游戏扩展到网络，我们将探讨当这些技术通过第三方聚合时，动态均衡如何变化。在本提案最雄心勃勃的部分，我们将探讨多路复用和不断发展的网络拓扑结构的影响时，例如，参与负载平衡的参与是受同行的参与。

项目成果

Memory order decomposition of symbolic sequences.

符号序列的记忆顺序分解。

• DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.014112
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical review. E
• 作者: Alvarez-Rodriguez U

Cosmological flux noise and measured noise power spectra in SQUIDs.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep28275
• 发表时间: 2016-06-20
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Beck C

Data-driven load profiles and the dynamics of residential electricity consumption.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31942-9
• 发表时间: 2022-08-06
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6

Predicting success in the worldwide start-up network

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57209-w
• 发表时间: 2020-01-15
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Bonaventura, Moreno;Ciotti, Valerio;Latora, Vito
• 通讯作者: Latora, Vito

Determinants of public cooperation in multiplex networks

• DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/aa6ea1
• 发表时间: 2017-07-12
• 期刊: NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Battiston, Federico;Perc, Matjaz;Latora, Vito
• 通讯作者: Latora, Vito