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Small Smart Sustainable Systems for future Domestic Hot Water (4S-DHW)

适用于未来生活热水的小型智能可持续系统 (4S-DHW)

基本信息

批准号：
EP/N021304/1
负责人：
Robert Critoph
金额：
$ 157.84万
依托单位：
University of Warwick
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN021304%2F1
关键词：
Small Smart Sustainable Systems future

项目摘要

The purpose of the proposed research programme is to address the challenge of providing domestic hot water (DHW) using low carbon heat pump technology given the overwhelming trend away from conventional hot water tanks in homes and the inability of present heat pumps to provide instant hot water.We intend to develop a suite of heat pump / storage / control technologies, using either electricity or gas that function without conventional storage cylinders and can deliver energy efficient affordable hot water to a wide range of dwellings well into the future.Ulster will use a novel compressor being developed by industrial partner Emerson that has an exceptional range of running speeds, enabling the same device to either deliver e.g. 25 kW for instantaneous hot water or 10 kW or less for space heating. This would be used in conjunction with a small buffer store to overcome the delay in start-up before hot water is available. Present gas fired heat pumps (both commercial and under development at Warwick) are easier to modulate but are physically large if delivering 20 or 30 kW and also have a long start up time (5 minutes). The Warwick goal is to use new composite adsorbent heat exchangers to reduce start up time to one minute, even when meeting a 25 kW load and to reduce key component sizes to achieve a compact system.Thermal storage is a vital part of DHW provision by heat pumps. A small buffer store may be needed to overcome starting transients, or a large capacity store might be needed to provide a bath-full of water quickly. An intermediate capacity store might work together with a heat pump to meet peak loads. Our research will encompass buffers, compact PCM stores that could be sited in unused spaces such as corners in kitchens and 'flat' stores using vacuum or aerogel insulation that could fit under kitchen cabinets or other available unused spaces.To bring this all together into a range of integrated systems suited to different housing types etc there needs to be both an understanding of the consumer's needs and preferences plus a smart adaptive control system. In addition to data in the literature we have access to data from detailed monitoring studies previously carried out by Loughborough. Consumer preferences will be investigated by the use of surveys carried out by the User Centred Design Research Group at Loughborough Design School. Ulster will assume overall responsibility for sensor choice, control hardware and software. They will devise a system controller that adapts to and meets consumer needs in an optimal way. In the long term this will be part of a house-wide wirelessly linked system including 'wet' appliances such as dishwashers and washing machines and 'smart taps' that communicate with the DHW system so that it responds optimally to the size and type of load demanded.

建议研究计划的目的，是要解决在传统家用热水箱逐渐被淘汰的趋势下，以及现有热泵无法即时提供热水的情况下，使用低碳热泵技术提供家用热水的挑战。我们打算开发一套热泵/储存/控制技术，使用电力或天然气，无需传统的储气瓶，可以为未来的各种住宅提供节能且价格合理的热水。阿尔斯特将使用工业合作伙伴艾默生开发的新型压缩机，运行速度，使同一设备能够提供例如25千瓦的瞬时热水或10千瓦或更少的空间加热。这将与一个小的缓冲存储器结合使用，以克服在热水可用之前启动的延迟。目前的燃气热泵（商业和沃里克正在开发的）更容易调节，但如果提供20或30千瓦，则物理尺寸较大，并且启动时间较长（5分钟）。沃里克的目标是使用新的复合吸附式热交换器，将启动时间缩短到一分钟，即使在满足25千瓦负荷的情况下，也可以减少关键部件的尺寸，以实现紧凑的系统。热存储是热泵提供生活热水的重要组成部分。可能需要一个小的缓冲存储器来克服启动瞬变，或者可能需要一个大容量的存储器来快速提供一个装满水的浴缸。一个中等容量的存储器可以与热泵一起工作，以满足峰值负荷。我们的研究将包括缓冲，紧凑型PCM商店，可以位于未使用的空间，如厨房的角落和使用真空或气凝胶隔热材料的“平面”商店，可以安装在厨柜或其他可用的未使用空间下。为了将所有这些整合到一系列适合不同住房类型的集成系统中，需要了解消费者的需求和偏好，以及智能自适应控制系统除了文献中的数据外，我们还可以获得拉夫堡以前进行的详细监测研究的数据。消费者偏好将通过拉夫堡设计学院以用户为中心的设计研究小组进行的调查进行调查。阿尔斯特将全面负责传感器选择、控制硬件和软件。他们将设计一种系统控制器，以最佳方式适应并满足消费者的需求。从长远来看，这将成为全屋无线连接系统的一部分，包括洗碗机和洗衣机等“湿”电器以及与DHW系统通信的“智能水龙头”，以便对所需负载的大小和类型做出最佳响应。