Study of Novel Biofuels from Biomass - Methyl-Furans (MF)

生物质新型生物燃料——甲基呋喃（MF）的研究

• 批准号: EP/N021746/1
• 负责人: Hongming Xu
• 金额: $ 118.7万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN021746%2F1
• 关键词: Study; Novel; Biofuels; Biomass; Methyl

Since a fundamental approach to identify and determine the reaction mechanisms in making furanics using fructose as the starting material has been reported by both Nature and Science as the breakthroughs in future biofuel production technology, in the real world, the fructose will come from biomass such as crop residues, forest waste, municipal waste and energy crops. The capability to work on sustainable feedstock and address those which have little or no cellulose within their structure is critically important in order to utilise a wide range of biomass sources for biofuel production. This project will expand the previous work on 2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF), to cover the research on production technology converting biomass to furan series as well as characterisation of a more attractive furanic family member 2-Methylfuran (MF). Biomass derived fuels like MF is not the only product formed from the biomass conversion. Bio MF is produced as a mixture with other compounds, referred to henceforth as MF-c (MF compounds), resulting from the degradation of the original biomass. The present project aims to investigate systematically a whole technological pathway for the use and production of furanics (MF and MF compounds) as novel engine fuels via biomass conversion. The research will involve bioenergy and engine combustion technological areas and it will target the following specific objectives: 1) To investigate the behaviours and combustion characteristics of MF and real-world MF-c based bio-oil in engines using experimental and numerical approaches2) To improve understanding of mechanisms for production of bio-oils with MF and MF-c starting with lignocellulosic biomass 3) To develop practical technology and process for efficient production of biofuels containing MF and MF-c4) To investigate the impact of MF (MF-c) (including non-conventional emissions) involving health issues of users and CO2 footprint in the production and application of MF based biofuels The research programme will consist of 3 main Work Packages (WP): WP1 concerns the assessment of MF/MF-c performance in engines as fuels. Fundamental theoretical studies will be carried out to investigate the fuel properties of MF and MF-c bio-oils and expanded knowledge will be obtained about the fuel in terms of ignition and combustion chemistry compared with main components of gasoline and diesel. Advanced optical diagnostics will be applied to study the spray and combustion processes of MF and MF blends. WP2 concerns advancement of MF production methodology. A variety of lignocellulosic biomass residues will be characterised for their elemental, physical and chemical properties and by using TG-MS techniques the optimal biomass type and biomass degradation conditions which produces optimal yields of furfural and furfural alcohol as intermediate pyrolysis products will be determined. WP3 is for assessment of the toxicity of MF and impact on the environment. It will involve experimental study to determine whether MF is genotoxic at low concentrations. The results, in combination with information about predicted levels of human exposure to MF would then be used to form the basis of a more rational risk-assessment of the toxicity of MF in humans and the safety of MF as an alternative fuel source.

由于《自然》和《科学》都报道了一种识别和确定以果糖为原料制备呋喃类化合物的反应机理的基本方法，作为未来生物燃料生产技术的突破，在真实的世界中，果糖将来自生物质，如作物残渣、森林废物、城市废物和能源作物。为了利用广泛的生物质来源进行生物燃料生产，研究可持续原料并解决其结构中几乎没有纤维素的原料的能力至关重要。该项目将扩大以前关于2，5-二甲基呋喃（DMF）的工作，以涵盖将生物质转化为呋喃系列的生产技术研究以及更具吸引力的呋喃家族成员2-甲基呋喃（MF）的表征。生物质衍生燃料如MF不是由生物质转化形成的唯一产物。Bio MF作为与其他化合物的混合物产生，此后称为MF-c（MF化合物），由原始生物质降解产生。本项目旨在系统地研究通过生物质转化使用和生产作为新型发动机燃料的呋喃类化合物（MF和MF化合物）的整个技术途径。该研究将涉及生物能源和发动机燃烧技术领域，并将针对以下具体目标：1）使用实验和数值方法研究MF和真实世界的基于MF-c的生物油在发动机中的行为和燃烧特性2）提高对从木质纤维素生物质开始用MF和MF-c生产生物油的机制的理解3）开发用于有效生产含有MF和MF-c的生物燃料的实用技术和工艺4）研究MF（MF-c）的影响（包括非常规排放），涉及使用者的健康问题和微生物燃料生产和应用中的二氧化碳足迹研究计划将包括3个主要工作包（WP）：WP 1涉及MF/MF-c作为燃料在发动机中的性能评估。将进行基础理论研究，以调查MF和MF-c生物油的燃料特性，并将获得有关燃料的点火和燃烧化学方面的知识，与汽油和柴油的主要成分相比。先进的光学诊断技术将被应用于研究MF和MF混合物的喷雾和燃烧过程。WP 2涉及MF生产方法的改进。各种木质纤维素生物质残留物将表征其元素，物理和化学性质，并通过使用TG-MS技术的最佳生物质类型和生物质降解条件，产生糠醛和糠醛醇作为中间热解产物的最佳产率将被确定。WP 3用于评估MF的毒性和对环境的影响。这将涉及实验研究，以确定低浓度MF是否具有遗传毒性。这些结果，再加上关于人类接触MF的预测水平的信息，将被用来形成一个更合理的风险评估的基础，对MF在人类中的毒性和MF作为替代燃料来源的安全性。

项目成果

Flame kernel evolution and shock wave propagation with laser ignition in ethanol-air mixtures

乙醇-空气混合物中激光点火的火焰核演化和冲击波传播

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.017
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Applied Energy
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: Xiuchao Bao;Amrit Sahu;Yizhaou Jiang;Tawfik Badawy;Hongming Xu
• 通讯作者: Hongming Xu

Experimental Investigation of the Rail Pressure Fluctuations Correlated with Fuel Properties and Injection Settings

• DOI: 10.1007/s42154-020-00133-x
• 发表时间: 2021-05-01
• 期刊: AUTOMOTIVE INNOVATION
• 影响因子: 6.1
• 作者: Coratella, Carlo;Parry, Lewis;Xu, Hongming
• 通讯作者: Xu, Hongming

Macroscopic spray characteristics of iso-octane, ethanol, gasoline and methanol from a multi-hole injector under flash boiling conditions

• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121820
• 发表时间: 2021-09-02
• 期刊: FUEL
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Badawy, Tawfik;Xu, Hongming;Li, Yanfei
• 通讯作者: Li, Yanfei

Experimental investigation of the orifice-to-orifice variability in jet velocities in a diesel injector

柴油喷油器中喷流速度孔间变化的实验研究

• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118353
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Fuel
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Carlo Coratella;Amrit Sahu;Lewis Parry;Hongming Xu;Xiao Ma
• 通讯作者: Xiao Ma

Biofuels from Lignocellulosic Biomass: Innovations beyond Bioethanol

• DOI: 10.1002/9783527685318
• 发表时间: 2016-07
• 作者: M. Boot