Semi-classical models for ultra-fast multi-electron phenomena in intense electro-magnetic laser fields

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Attoscience is one of the great scientific challenges of the 21st century. Attoseconds and sub-femtoseconds are the natural time scale for multi-electron effects during the ionization and break-up of atoms and molecules. The proposed research will explore the physical mechanisms underlying correlated multi-electron dynamics and devising schemes to probe/control these mechanisms. Correlated electron dynamics is of fundamental interest to attosecond technology. For instance, an electron extracted from a molecule carries information determining the electronic molecular orbital and position of the nuclei, thus paving the way for molecular imaging. Moreover, the proposed work will explore magnetic field and quantum interference effects on attosecond processes. These effects are crucial for fully understanding many phenomena, such as the generation of attosecond pulses and holography with photoelectrons.The overall aim of the proposed work is to explore attosecond phenomena, magnetic field and interference effects during multi-electron ionization in atoms and multi-center molecules triggered by ultra-short and ultra-strong near-infrared and mid-infrared laser pulses. The rapid experimental advances place these phenomena at the forefront of Attoscience. New theoretical tools are urgently needed to address the challenges facing this field. In response to this quest, I offer novel, efficient and sophisticated semi-classical methods that are much faster than quantum-mechanical ones and that allow for significant insights into the physical mechanisms. These semi-classical techniques are appropriate for ionization processes through long-range Coulomb forces. Using these techniques, I will address some of the most fundamental problems facing Attoscience. My objectives are:1) Account for non-dipole effects to explore photon momentum sharing between electrons and ions in two-electron atoms and diatomic molecules driven by near-IR and mid-IR laser pulses.3) Account for non-dipole and interference effects to explore "frustrated" ionization and non-sequential double ionization in two-electron atoms and diatomic molecules driven by mid-IR laser pulses.4) Explore non-sequential and "frustrated" ionization in two- and three-electron three-center molecules driven by near-IR laser pulses.