FENGBO-WIND - Farming the ENvironment into the Grid: Big data in Offshore Wind

拟议的项目将开发一种综合计算模拟方法，能够处理当地大气、沿海海洋和沉积环境、农场空气动力学、涡轮机响应和海上风电场电网集成之间的复杂相互作用。这将通过利用以下技术大幅降低海上风能的能源成本：针对特定地点定制的阵列设计和运行的高保真优化，并能够处理现实的海洋大气边界层条件，尤其是旋翼尾迹的缓慢消散；结合对极端条件下整个系统的超大规模模拟的大数据分析，以在不过度保守的安全系数的情况下将完整性风险降至最低。这两种情况将在中国沿海近海农场发展的背景下进行调查，这带来了关于沿海特征(例如高泥沙浓度)和极端事件(特别是台风)的特殊挑战。为实现这一目标，我们提出了一种多尺度的风电场设计和网络集成方法，该方法考虑了：第一，在通过高分辨率计算机模拟对风电场的分析中更准确地描述极端事件(以及积极的缓解策略)；第二，针对风电场设计和运行的新的优化技术，这种技术能够利用海洋大气和个别涡轮机(航空伺服弹性)的相关知识实现持续的电力提取；第三，稳健的电网设计和运营战略，其适应风资源的多变性，并最大限度地实现能源生产的可持续性。FENGBO-WIND将在农场动态和农场/环境相互作用方面进行迄今为止最雄心勃勃的计算机模拟，以建立基于物理的农场产量预测能力，并研究农场与当地环境之间的长期相互作用。一个由地球/环境科学家、土木工程和电气工程师以及流体动力学家组成的跨学科专家联盟已经成立，以解决这一具有挑战性的计算问题。该团队将获得(1)世界上最大的超级计算机(神威太湖之光)，以针对特定环境情景对能源输出和农场状态进行全系统模拟，(2)中国沿海现有风力发电场的运行数据以及通过与当地电网公司合作的目标地点的条件，以及(3)中国领先制造商最先进的风力涡轮机设计的性能数据。结果将以最先进的工业设计工具和海上风电场电网集成协议为基准。

The proposed project will develop an integrated computational simulation approach capable of handling the complex interactions between the local atmosphere, the coastal ocean and sedimentary environment, farm aerodynamics, turbine response and grid integration in offshore wind farms. This will target a substantial reduction in the cost of energy in offshore wind by exploiting: high-fidelity optimization of array design and operation, tailored to a specific site and able to deal with realistic marine atmospheric boundary layer conditions, in particular the very slow dissipation of rotor wakes; combined with big-data analysis of very-large-scale simulations of the whole system under extreme conditions, to minimize integrity risks without overly conservative safety factors. Both situations will be investigated within the context of the development of offshore farms off the Chinese coast, which brings particular challenges regarding coastal characteristics (e.g. high sediment concentrations) and extreme events (in particular typhoons). To achieve this we propose a multiscale approach to wind farm design and network integration that considers, first, a more accurate characterisation of extreme events (and active mitigation strategies) in the analysis through highly-resolved computer simulation; second, new optimization techniques for the design and operation of wind farms that allow for sustained power extraction using relevant knowledge of both the marine atmosphere and individual turbine (aeroservoelastic) dynamics; and third, robust grid design and operation strategies that accommodate wind resource variability and maximise the sustainability of energy generation. FENGBO-WIND will carry out the most ambitious computer simulations to date on farm dynamics and farm/environment interaction, to build physics-based predictive capabilities on farm output and investigate long-term interactions between farms and their local environment.An interdisciplinary consortium of experts, including Earth/environmental scientists, civil and electrical engineers, and fluid dynamicists, have been assembled to tackle this challenging computational problem. The team will have access to (1) the world's largest supercomputer (Sunway TaihuLight) to carry out full system simulations of energy output and farm state for specific environmental scenarios, (2) operational data from existing wind farms off the Chinese coast as well as conditions at a target site through a partnership with a local grid company, and (3) performance data for a state-of-the-art wind turbine design from the leading Chinese manufacturer. The results will be benchmarked against state-of-the-art industrial design tools and protocols for grid integration for offshore wind farms.