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ENVIRO-COAT: ENVIROnmentally assisted, engineered Corrosion prOducts for Aqueous corrosion miTigation

ENVIRO-COAT：用于减轻水相腐蚀的环境辅助工程腐蚀产品

基本信息

批准号：
EP/T009160/1
负责人：
Richard James Barker
金额：
$ 44.19万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT009160%2F1
关键词：
ENVIRO COAT ENVIROnmentally assisted engineered

项目摘要

One of the most pertinent threats to successful operations in the energy sector is internal corrosion of carbon steel pipework when transporting high temperature (>120oC) aqueous media. This degradation mechanism is apparent in the nuclear, oil and gas, carbon capture and storage and geothermal industries to name a few. Failure to manage internal pipeline degradation properly results in unexpected failures, leading not only to financial losses, but significant leaks can also have severe environmental consequences. The most common method of corrosion mitigation for carbon steel pipelines is via the addition of corrosion inhibitors to process fluids. However, such chemicals typically have a poor environmental profile and those which conform to European legislation regarding toxicity and bioaccumulation characteristics typically lack the required efficiency at elevated temperatures to suppress corrosion to acceptable levels. In the context of imidazoline chemistries (one of the most common classes of molecules used in industry) the poor inhibition is attributed to their propensity to undergo hydrolysis into their less efficient pre-cursors. In addition to these challenges, the cost of corrosion inhibitors over the lifetime of a facility can be particularly high. In 2016, the annual expenditure on corrosion inhibitors in Europe was in excess of £2 billion, with power generation and oil and gas sectors occupying the two largest proportions of this share.It is apparent that a step change is required relating to how internal pipeline corrosion is controlled in high temperature aqueous environments if carbon steel is to continue as the most favourable material of choice in high temperature environments. This proposal focuses on engineering a solution to suppress corrosion which is cost effective and greener for the environment.The proposal focuses on harnessing the protective properties of corrosion products which naturally form on the internal walls of carbon steel when exposed to high temperature aqueous media. The most commonly observed corrosion product at elevated temperature is magnetite, an iron oxide which possesses unique magnetic and electrical properties. Although magnetite has been shown to provide an effective barrier to uniform corrosion of carbon steel, its electrically conductive nature allows this oxide to support electrochemical reactions which results in localised corrosion occurring through galvanic effects. The intention of this proposal is to identify a method of augmenting the magnetite structure to suppress its electrochemical activity, producing a layer which provides superior protection against both general and localised corrosion compared to conventional corrosion inhibitors.In order to augment the magnetite layer, a method of co-precipitation in the presence of transition metal ions will be adopted. The hypothesis for this work is that the incorporation of trace amounts of transition metal ions into the crystalline lattice of magnetite (supplied directly via the solution or from within the corroding metal itself) will be sufficient to alter the layers electrochemical activity. The ability of transition metal to modify the chemical and physical properties of magnetite has been demonstrated in other disciplines (e.g. catalyst development). However, such an approach has never been instigated in the context of corrosion management.By selection of appropriate transition metals which exhibit zero or minimal toxicity at the required concentrations for augmenting magnetite, a 'batch' method of treatment, or superior alloyed carbon steels can be developed, eliminating the requirement for continuous injection of corrosion inhibitors. These approaches will provide more cost effective, efficient and greener alternatives to the deployment of conventional organic corrosion inhibitors.

在能源部门成功运营的最相关威胁之一是在输送高温（> 120 ℃）水介质时碳钢管道的内部腐蚀。这种降解机制在核能、石油和天然气、碳捕获和储存以及地热工业中很明显，仅举几例。未能妥善管理内部管道退化会导致意外故障，不仅会导致经济损失，而且严重的泄漏还会造成严重的环境后果。碳钢管道最常用的缓蚀方法是在工艺流体中添加缓蚀剂。然而，这些化学品通常具有不良的环境特性，并且符合关于毒性和生物累积特性的欧洲法规的那些化学品通常缺乏在高温下将腐蚀抑制到可接受水平所需的效率。在咪唑啉化学（工业中使用的最常见的分子类别之一）的背景下，差的抑制归因于它们倾向于经历水解成其效率较低的前体。除了这些挑战之外，在设施的使用寿命期间，腐蚀抑制剂的成本可能特别高。2016年，欧洲缓蚀剂的年支出超过20亿英镑，其中发电和石油天然气部门占据了这一份额的两个最大部分。显然，如果碳钢要继续作为高温环境中最有利的材料选择，则需要对如何在高温水环境中控制内部管道腐蚀进行阶跃变化。该提案的重点是设计一种成本效益高且对环境更环保的抑制腐蚀的解决方案。该提案的重点是利用碳钢内壁暴露于高温水介质时自然形成的腐蚀产物的保护性能。在高温下最常见的腐蚀产物是磁铁矿，一种具有独特磁性和电气特性的氧化铁。虽然磁铁矿已被证明可以有效地阻挡碳钢的均匀腐蚀，但其导电性质使这种氧化物能够支持电化学反应，从而导致通过原电池效应发生局部腐蚀。本建议的目的是确定一种方法，增加磁铁矿结构，以抑制其电化学活性，产生一个层，提供上级保护，防止一般和局部腐蚀相比，传统的腐蚀抑制剂。为了增加磁铁矿层，在过渡金属离子的存在下，共沉淀的方法将被采用。这项工作的假设是，将痕量的过渡金属离子掺入磁铁矿的晶格中（通过溶液直接提供或从腐蚀金属本身提供）将足以改变层的电化学活性。过渡金属改变磁铁矿化学和物理性质的能力已在其他学科（如催化剂开发）中得到证实。通过选择合适的过渡金属，在所需浓度下表现出零或最小的毒性，以增加磁铁矿，可以开发一种“批量”处理方法或上级合金碳钢，消除了对连续注入缓蚀剂的要求。这些方法将为传统有机缓蚀剂的部署提供更具成本效益，高效和更环保的替代方案。