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Self-recovery housing for development: scaling up crisis preparedness and humanitarian shelter response

自我恢复住房促进发展：加强危机准备和人道主义住房应对

基本信息

批准号：
EP/T015160/1
负责人：
Cathrine Brun
金额：
$ 87.94万
依托单位：
Oxford Brookes University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT015160%2F1
关键词：
Self recovery housing development scaling

项目摘要

This project builds directly upon two previous GCRF awards: 1 NERC Resilience Foundation Award: Promoting Safer Building - Using science, technology, communication and humanitarian practice to support family and community self-recovery. 2 British Academy Cities and Infrastructure: Safer self-recovery: promoting resilient urban reconstruction after disasters. The key findings of both these projects are described in the Business Case. For more on the findings of previous GCRF awards see: https://www.odi.org/publications/10963-self-recovery-disasters-interdisciplinary-perspectiveEarthquakes, storms, floods, and conflict cause untold damage to infrastructure, services, agriculture and livelihoods. The destruction of housing is often most visible, and the most devastating to the families, with often hundreds of thousands of homes destroyed. Householders themselves are invariably the first to respond; they are never passive, and signs of shelter recovery are very apparent from the first days after a disaster. The majority - as many as 80 or 90% - receive little or no assistance from the international community and are the main drivers of their own recovery process. This process has been termed 'self-recovery'. The previous GCRF awards supported interdisciplinary teams led by ODI in collaboration with CARE International UK, BGS, UCL and Loughborough University. They developed the understanding of the self-recovery process and advanced the theoretical basis for humanitarian assistance to the process of supporting self-recovery in practice . In large part as a result of this work, self-recovery is now a strategic element of the humanitarian shelter sector discourse with many disaster responses purporting to support this inevitable process. In recognition of the value of a people-centred approach that moves away from the convention product-based modalities, the CARE Philippines post-cyclone self-recovery project won the 2018 World Habitat Award in acknowledgment of its self-recovery focus. Sixteen thousand houses were built, each one unique and reflecting the priorities and means of each family. https://www.world-habitat.org/world-habitat-awards/winners-and-finalists/post-haiyan-self-recovery-housing-programme/The self-recovery approach that respects the primacy of agency and choice aligns well with current humanitarian and development concerns such as the 'humanitarian development nexus', the Grand Bargain's emphasis on localisation, participation and cash-based responses, the Sendai Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction, the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Shelter Cluster strategy. This is further explained in the Business Case. However, very little has been done to develop guidance for practice. With the exception of the protocol 'Informing Choice for Better Shelter' that delivers a guide for the development of technical educational material, there are no published tools nor guidelines that provide an implementation framework for self-recovery in shelter projects.This project addresses this gap. The protocol will be adapted to become a preparedness tool. A methodology for 'context analysis' will be designed to incorporate the adaptability and diversity essential to a self-recovery approach. Monitoring and evaluation tools will be developed that focus on survivor-led indicators and that include a broad definition of good shelter programming that includes health, livelihoods, sanitation, protection and gender-based violence as well as the conventional focus on structural safety and construction quality.The methodology will include field-work and case studies as well as action research, or real time research, that will directly support rapid-onset disaster responses contributing directly to development of strategies in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. All outputs will be thoroughly scrutinised by the humanitarian sector and incorporated directly into practice.

该项目直接建立在前两个GCRF奖项的基础上：1 NERC复原力基金会奖：促进更安全的建筑--利用科学、技术、通信和人道主义做法支持家庭和社区的自我恢复。2英国城市与基础设施学院：更安全的自我恢复：促进灾后有弹性的城市重建。商业案例中描述了这两个项目的主要发现。有关GCRF以往奖项的更多调查结果，请参阅：https://www.odi.org/publications/10963-self-recovery-disasters-interdisciplinary-perspectiveEarthquakes，风暴、洪水和冲突对基础设施、服务、农业和生计造成难以估量的破坏。对住房的破坏往往是最明显的，对家庭来说也是最具破坏性的，往往有数十万所房屋被毁。房主自己总是第一个做出反应；他们从来不是被动的，从灾难发生后的第一天起，避难所恢复的迹象就非常明显。大多数人--多达80%或90%--很少或根本得不到国际社会的援助，是其自身恢复进程的主要推动力。这个过程被称为“自我恢复”。之前的GCRF奖项支持由ODI领导的跨学科团队与CARE International UK、BGS、UCL和Loughborough University合作。他们发展了对自我恢复进程的理解，并将人道主义援助的理论基础提升为在实践中支持自我恢复的进程。在很大程度上是这项工作的结果，自我恢复现在是人道主义避难所部门论述的一个战略要素，许多灾害应对措施声称支持这一不可避免的进程。由于认识到以人为中心的做法的价值，而不是以公约产品为基础的模式，CARE菲律宾飓风后自我恢复项目获得了2018年世界人居奖，以表彰其自我恢复重点。建造了1.6万栋房屋，每一栋都是独一无二的，反映了每个家庭的优先事项和经济状况。Https://www.world-habitat.org/world-habitat-awards/winners-and-finalists/post-haiyan-self-recovery-housing-programme/The的自我恢复方法尊重机构和选择的至高无上，与当前的人道主义和发展关切很好地一致，例如“人道主义发展关系”、“大交易”对本地化、参与和基于现金的应对措施的强调、关于减少灾害风险的仙台框架、可持续发展目标和全球避难所集群战略。这一点在商业案例中有进一步的解释。然而，在制定实践指南方面所做的工作很少。除了《为更好的住房选择提供信息》议定书提供了编写技术教育材料的指南外，没有出版的工具或准则为住房项目的自我恢复提供执行框架。该议定书将被修改为备灾工具。将设计一种“背景分析”的方法，以纳入自我恢复方法所必需的适应性和多样性。将开发监测和评价工具，侧重于幸存者主导的指标，其中包括对良好住房方案的广泛定义，其中包括健康、生计、卫生、保护和基于性别的暴力，以及对结构安全和建筑质量的常规关注。方法将包括实地工作和案例研究以及行动研究或实时研究，这些研究将直接支持灾害发生后的快速应对，直接促进灾后战略的制定。人道主义部门将彻底审查所有产出，并将其直接纳入实践。