Coating thermal noise measurement with a multimode resonator

使用多模谐振器测量涂层热噪声

• 批准号: EP/V008617/1
• 负责人: Denis Martynov
• 金额: $ 42.79万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV008617%2F1
• 关键词: Coating; thermal; noise; measurement; multimode

Optical coatings are key components within almost all technology that surrounds us from our glasses to cameras. Extreme-performance coatings are used in optical atomic clocks and gravitaitonal-wave detectors which are the most sensitive clocks and distance meters ever built. Optical coatings are also essential for industrial applications in photonics, particularly for miniaturisation of laser diode devices and for increasing the laser damage threshold.Optical coatings consist of alternating layers of materials with different refractive indices and are only a few micrometers thick. Their performance is determined by the amount of light scattered and absorbed inside the coating and by their thermal noises caused by the Brownian motion of the atoms. Optical coatings can be manufactured out of a large variety of materials, such as tantalum oxide, silica, and amorphous silicon. However, the ultimate properties of the coatings depend both on the intrinsic properties of these materials and on the manufacturing process. Therefore, it is essential to have a robust experiment to test novel coatings for precision instruments.We propose to build an internationally-leading facility to directly measure the properties of novel optical coatings. This proposal emanates from two recent findings. First, the MIT LIGO group found that coating samples can be measured in one week using a multimode optical resonator. Second, groups in academia in the UK, USA, and Germany developed a new class of promising extreme-performance coatings for applications in precision measurements. The proposed centre is a crucial step in commercial manufacturing of high-quality coatings since we need to experimentally explore the whole parameter space of coating production, such as deposition rate, doping materials, and annealing temperature.The key idea of the proposed experiment is to embed a coating sample in the optical resonator and measure its properties using three co-resonating beams. This setup will make all displacement noises common to these beams, except for the coating thermal noises. The main advantage of the proposed facility is that it can test one coating sample per week at the telecom laser wavelength and has the potential to be the first in the world working with extreme-performance coatings in this parameter space. The centre will be able to directly measure coating samples for future optical atomic clocks, next generation of gravitational-wave detectors, fundamental physics experiments and for the commercial applications.

光学涂层是我们周围几乎所有技术的关键组成部分，从眼镜到相机。高性能涂层用于光学原子钟和引力波探测器，它们是有史以来最灵敏的时钟和测距仪。光学涂层对于光子学的工业应用也是必不可少的，特别是对于激光二极管器件的小型化和增加激光损伤阈值。光学涂层由具有不同折射率的材料交替层组成，厚度只有几微米。它们的性能取决于涂层内部散射和吸收的光的数量，以及由原子的布朗运动引起的热噪声。光学涂层可以由多种材料制成，如氧化钽、二氧化硅和非晶硅。然而，涂层的最终性能取决于这些材料的内在性能和制造工艺。因此，有必要有一个强大的实验来测试新型涂层用于精密仪器。我们建议建立一个国际领先的设备来直接测量新型光学涂层的性能。这一建议源于最近的两项发现。首先，麻省理工学院的LIGO小组发现，使用多模光学谐振器可以在一周内测量涂层样品。其次，英国、美国和德国的学术界团体开发了一种新的有前途的高性能涂料，用于精密测量。该中心是高质量涂料商业化制造的关键一步，因为我们需要通过实验探索涂料生产的整个参数空间，如沉积速率、掺杂材料和退火温度。该实验的关键思想是将涂层样品嵌入光学谐振腔中，并使用三束共谐振光束测量其性能。这种设置将使所有位移噪声共同这些梁，除了涂层热噪声。该设备的主要优势在于，它可以在电信激光波长下每周测试一个涂层样品，并且有可能成为世界上第一个在该参数空间内使用极端性能涂层的设备。该中心将能够直接测量涂层样品，用于未来的光学原子钟、下一代引力波探测器、基础物理实验和商业应用。

项目成果

Sensing and control scheme for the inteferometer configuration with an L-shaped resonator

L 形谐振器干涉仪配置的传感和控制方案

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/ad0454
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Classical and Quantum Gravity
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Guo X

Search for Subsolar-Mass Binaries in the First Half of Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s Third Observing Run

在 Advanced LIGO 和 Advanced Virgo 第三次观测运行的前半段中搜索太阳质量以下的双星

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.061104
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Abbott, R.;Abbott, T. D.;Acernese, F.;Ackley, K.;Adams, C.;Adhikari, N.;Adhikari, R. X.;Adya, V. B.;Affeldt, C.;Agarwal, D.
• 通讯作者: Agarwal, D.

Searches for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars at Two Harmonics in the Second and Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Runs

在第二次和第三次 LIGO-Virgo 观测运行中搜索来自已知脉冲星的两个谐波的引力波

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac6acf
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Abbott, R.;Abe, H.;Acernese, F.;Ackley, K.;Adhikari, N.;Adhikari, R. X.;Adkins, V. K.;Adya, V. B.;Affeldt, C.;Agarwal, D.
• 通讯作者: Agarwal, D.

Enhancing the sensitivity of interferometers with stable phase-insensitive quantum filters

使用稳定的相位不敏感量子滤波器提高干涉仪的灵敏度

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.022007
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Dmitriev A