Establishing Electrically Programmable Reaction Arrays as Universal Chemical Computers

这项研究提出创建新型混合电可编程化学阵列（EPCA）化学硅计算架构，可以解决数据密集型计算，例如随机优化（例如模拟退火）和复杂的计算问题。目标是启动一个新的化学计算路线图，针对数学难题进行通用计算。这项工作的愿景是产生一种混合硅化学处理器。可编程化学计算机的开发将通过构建混合硅化学信息处理架构来实现，其中计算以化学方式进行，输入来自电极阵列，建立在储层计算领域的新兴工作的基础上。该系统将通过电极阵列进行编程以驱动电化学过程，并且输出将由离子敏感场效应晶体管（ISFET）阵列读取。该双电极传感器系统将用于对嵌入电活性凝胶中的氧化还原活性化学振荡器进行编程和读取。数字信息处理将在化学介质中进行，使用氧化还原可配置凝胶来封装和导航巨大的可编程状态空间。该导航将由化学时钟引导，该时钟也将用于纠错。凝胶网络将有助于稳定电编程化学阵列。化学并行处理阵列将作为数字计算机和机器学习系统进行基准测试，摆脱冯诺依曼瓶颈。

This research proposes to create new type of hybrid electrically programmable chemical array (EPCA) chemical-silicon computing architecture that can tackle data intensive computations such as stochastic optimizations, (e.g. simulated annealing), and complex computational problems. The objective is to start a new roadmap for chemical computing targeting universal computation aiming at hard mathematical problems. The vision of this work is to generate a hybrid silicon-chemical-processor. This development of a programmable chemical computer will be achieved by building a hybrid silicon-chemical information processing architecture, where the computations occur chemically, and the inputs come from an array of electrodes, building on nascent work in the area of reservoir computing. The system will be programmed by an electrode array to drive electrochemical processes, and the outputs will be read by arrays of ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs). This dual-electrode-sensor system will be used to both program and read out from a redox active chemical oscillator, embedded in an electroactive gel. The digital information processing will occur in the chemical medium, using the redox-configurable gel to encapsulate and navigate a vast programmable state space. This navigation will be guided by a chemical clock, that will also be used for error correction. The gel network will help stabilize the electrically programmed chemical array. The chemical parallel processing array will be benchmarked as both a digital computer and a machine learning system, liberated from the von Neumann bottleneck.