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Home Heat Health (HHH): Sleep in the city

家庭热健康 (HHH)：在城市中睡眠

基本信息

批准号：
EP/W031736/1
负责人：
Kevin Lomas
金额：
$ 153.83万
依托单位：
Loughborough University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW031736%2F1
关键词：
Home Heat Health HHH Sleep

项目摘要

Almost every major disease in the developed world - Alzheimer's, cancer, obesity and diabetes- shows a causal link to lack of sleep. Sleep disruption degrades mental health, reduces work-place productivity and increases absenteeism, and increases the burden on health and social care systems. Homes that remain comfortable at night enable quality sleep which enhance health and well-being and supports continued independent living.Sleep is eroded by numerous personal factors such a stress and ill-health, but environmental factors are also important, especially bedroom temperatures. In a recent national survey over 4.5 million English households reported bedrooms that were often or always uncomfortably warm. Dwellings in London and the SE of England were most affected with flats, small dwellings and modern buildings particularly at risk. Socially disadvantaged households were disproportionately affected. As the climate warms, the frequency, intensity and duration of heatwaves is increasing. As cities become denser, the urban heat island intensifies, and noise levels rise. In the 2003 European heat wave, there may have been over 70,000 premature deaths in 16 countries across Europe. There are concerns that rising temperatures will initiate the uptake of air-conditioning (AC) in dwellings, which will place additional loads on the electricity supply networks and, as AC is costly to buy and run, will accentuate the societal inequalities.Bedroom adaptations and behavioural change can improve the indoor environment. Public Health England's recommendations on staying cool in the summer are generic, and their applicability for many households in unknown. Whilst effort is being directed to reducing night-time overheating in new dwellings, there is no guidance, and no regulation, to protect existing dwellings from overheating.This project brings together a multi-disciplinary team of sleep scientists, engineers and experts in user centred design and health. They will work with social housing providers, local authorities, housing developers and government departments. Healthy adults of all ages living in flats in London will be actively involved in the study. Sleep quality measurement, sleep diaries, questionnaires, environmental monitoring, dwelling surveys and thermal modelling will seek to answer three questions:1. What environmental factors (night-time temperatures, noise levels and air quality) lead to degradation of sleep quality in different people? Currently, for example, there is no credible UK night-time overheating criterion. 2. How might people achieve better quality sleep? Simple behavioural changes before and during sleep, or bedroom adaptations, like shading and improved ventilation, can improve summertime comfort, but by how much and for which people living in which sort of flats? 3. How might existing homes be refurbished to both reduce energy demand and improve summertime comfort? The work involves people living in flats in London, who will help refine the research programme and enable monitoring of their bedrooms and sleep quality, and the way they control temperatures during heat waves. They will be the first beneficiaries of the research.The work is important to builders, engineers and architects who lack a robust method for predicting overheating risk, and to social housing providers who want to objectively target properties that provide unacceptable summertime conditions. The research will also: provide social and healthcare professionals with better advice about how people can improve summer night-time comfort; enable social housing providers to plan and prioritise refurbishment, and inform future building regulations concerned with maintaining comfort, without air-conditioning, in existing buildings. Most importantly, the work will protect the health and well-being of UK citizens as urbanisation continues and the climate warms.

在发达国家，几乎每一种主要疾病--老年痴呆症、癌症、肥胖症和糖尿病--都与睡眠不足有因果关系。睡眠中断会降低心理健康，降低工作场所的生产力，增加缺勤率，并增加卫生和社会保健系统的负担。晚上保持舒适的家庭可以保证高质量的睡眠，从而提高健康和幸福感，并支持持续的独立生活。睡眠受到许多个人因素的影响，例如压力和健康状况不佳，但环境因素也很重要，特别是卧室温度。在最近的一项全国性调查中，超过450万英国家庭报告说，他们的卧室经常或总是温暖得令人不安。伦敦和英格兰东南部的Dummy受影响最大，公寓，小住宅和现代建筑尤其受到威胁。社会弱势家庭受到的影响尤其严重。随着气候变暖，热浪的频率、强度和持续时间都在增加。随着城市人口密度的增加，城市热岛效应加剧，噪音水平上升。在2003年的欧洲热浪中，欧洲16个国家可能有7万多人过早死亡。有人担心，气温上升将促使住宅采用空调，这将给电力供应网络带来额外的负担，而且由于空调的购买和运行成本高昂，将加剧社会不平等。卧室的适应和行为的改变可以改善室内环境。英国公共卫生部关于夏季保持凉爽的建议是通用的，其对许多家庭的适用性尚不清楚。虽然正在努力减少新住宅的夜间过热，但没有指导，也没有规定，以保护现有住宅免受过热。该项目汇集了一个多学科的睡眠科学家，工程师和以用户为中心的设计和健康专家团队。他们将与社会住房提供者、地方当局、住房开发商和政府部门合作。居住在伦敦公寓的所有年龄段的健康成年人都将积极参与这项研究。睡眠质量测量，睡眠日记，问卷调查，环境监测，居住调查和热建模将寻求回答三个问题：1。哪些环境因素（夜间温度、噪音水平和空气质量）会导致不同人群的睡眠质量下降？例如，目前没有可信的英国夜间过热标准。2.人们如何才能获得更好的睡眠质量？睡前和睡眠中简单的行为改变，或卧室的适应，如遮阳和改善通风，可以改善夏季的舒适度，但多少和哪些人住在哪种公寓？3.如何翻新现有的房屋，既减少能源需求，又提高夏季的舒适度？这项工作涉及居住在伦敦公寓的人们，他们将帮助完善研究计划，并能够监测他们的卧室和睡眠质量，以及他们在热浪期间控制温度的方式。他们将是这项研究的首批受益者。这项工作对缺乏可靠方法预测过热风险的建筑商、工程师和建筑师以及希望客观地瞄准夏季条件不可接受的房产的社会住房提供商来说都很重要。研究还将：为社会和医疗保健专业人员提供更好的建议，帮助人们改善夏季夜间的舒适度;使社会住房提供者能够规划和优先考虑翻新，并告知未来的建筑法规，这些法规涉及在现有建筑物中保持舒适度，而不需要空调。最重要的是，随着城市化的继续和气候变暖，这项工作将保护英国公民的健康和福祉。