Air Pollution, Heat, Cold, and Health: Disparities in the Rural South
空气污染、炎热、寒冷和健康:南方农村地区的差异
基本信息
- 批准号:10670746
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 67.45万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2022-07-24 至 2027-03-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AccountingAddressAffectAir PollutantsAir PollutionAppalachian RegionArchitectureAreaBehaviorBirthBlack, Indigenous, People of ColorCitiesCommunitiesCongenital AbnormalityDataDatabasesDevelopmentDisparityEducationEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental HazardsEnvironmental HealthEthnic OriginExposure toGoalsHealthHealth PolicyHealth protectionHeat WavesHeterogeneityHigh temperature of physical objectHospitalizationIncomeIndividualInfantInterventionKnowledgeLife ExpectancyLinkLow Birth Weight InfantMedicareMethodsMorbidity - disease rateMunicipalitiesNational Institute on Minority Health and Health DisparitiesNitrogen DioxideOlder PopulationOutcomeOzonePersonsPollutionPopulationPopulation DensityPopulation SizesPredispositionPremature BirthPublic HealthRaceRegulationResearchResourcesRoleRuralRural CommunityRural HealthRural MinorityRural PopulationScienceSocioeconomic StatusSourceUnited States Environmental Protection AgencyUnited States National Institutes of HealthUrban PopulationUrbanicityVariantVirginiaWeatherWest Virginiaadverse birth outcomesair quality regulationambient air pollutioncold temperaturecommunity-level factorenvironmental health disparityenvironmental justiceethnic minority populationexperienceextreme heatextreme temperaturefine particleshealth care availabilityhealth disparity populationshealth economicsheat islandintersectionalitylow socioeconomic statusmortalitypollutantpoor health outcomeracial health disparityracial minorityracial minority populationresponserural arearural dwellersrural environmentrural settingruralitysocioeconomicsstressorurban areaurban setting
项目摘要
Many populations in rural settings, especially racial and ethnic minority groups, may suffer disproportionate
environmental health burdens, such as from air pollution or extreme temperatures. Yet the vast majority of
research on environmental health disparities (i.e., “environmental justice”) for air pollution, as well as research
on air pollution and health more generally, is conducted for cities. The people, communities, and air pollution
sources and mixtures are quite distinct in rural versus urban settings, such that national strategies (i.e., federal
regulations) may not be sufficiently protective of health for rural populations. Similarly, research on the health
consequences of high and low temperatures, especially for prolonged periods of heat (i.e., “heat waves”), has
almost exclusively focused on urban areas. Therefore, current research has major scientific gaps on how the
health of rural populations, including rural racial and ethnic minority groups, is impacted by air pollution and
extreme temperature. The rural south, particularly the Appalachian region, has higher rates of adverse health
outcomes in both older populations (>65y) and infants, compared to national averages. Within the south, rural
populations suffer higher rates of multiple morbidities than urban populations, including health outcomes that
are linked to air pollution and extreme heat and cold in urban environments. Rural residents also have lower
overall income, lower educational attainment, less access to health care, and three years lower life expectancy
than their urban counterparts. Evidence suggest that health disparities by race are larger for rural minorities
than their urban counterparts. Given the differences in populations, behaviors, environmental hazards, and
socioeconomic status (SES), the associations between air pollution, extreme temperature, and health could
differ substantially for rural and urban settings. These relationships may also differ across types of rural areas,
given the heterogeneity of rural environments. Scientific evidence is urgently needed on the disproportionate
impacts of air pollution and extreme temperature in rural environments, with an understanding of the range of
rural settings. Our long-term goal is to generate the methods, databases, and scientific estimates that enable
knowledge to protect health in rural populations. We propose to: 1) generate a data architecture for air
pollution, heat, cold, health, SES, rural form, and other factors in Virginia and West Virginia; 2) estimate
disparities in exposure to air pollution and weather (cold, heat, and heat waves) by race/ethnicity, SES, and
rurality, accounting for variations in rural form; and 3) estimate disparities in the associations between
exposure to air pollution or weather and health for the very young (adverse birth outcomes) and older
populations (hospital admissions for those <65 years) for rural populations, considering differences by various
vulnerability factors (low SES, race/ethnicity) and rural form. These aims will provide some of the first
comprehensive evidence of how air pollution, heat, and cold impact health in rural communities, including
differences by rural form and intersectionality of vulnerability factors, such as race, ethnicity, and SES.
农村地区的许多人口,特别是少数种族和族裔群体,
环境健康负担,如空气污染或极端温度。然而,绝大多数
关于环境健康差异的研究(即,“环境正义”)的空气污染,以及研究
关于空气污染和健康更普遍的,是为城市进行的。人民、社区和空气污染
在农村和城市环境中,污染源和混合物是截然不同的,因此国家战略(即,联邦
这些措施(例如,卫生条例)可能无法充分保护农村人口的健康。同样,关于健康的研究
高温和低温的后果,特别是对于长时间的热(即,“热浪”),已经
几乎完全集中在城市地区。因此,目前的研究在如何解决这一问题上存在重大科学空白。
农村人口的健康,包括农村种族和少数民族群体,受到空气污染的影响,
极端温度南部农村地区,特别是阿巴拉契亚地区,
与全国平均水平相比,老年人(> 65岁)和婴儿的结果。在南方,农村
与城市人口相比,城市人口的多种疾病发病率更高,
与城市环境中的空气污染和极热极冷有关。农村居民也较低
总体收入、较低的教育程度、较少获得医疗保健的机会以及预期寿命缩短三年
比城市里的人要多有证据表明,农村少数民族的种族健康差距更大
比城市里的人要多考虑到人口、行为、环境危害和
社会经济地位(SES),空气污染,极端温度和健康之间的联系可能
在农村和城市环境中差别很大。这些关系在不同类型的农村地区也可能不同,
考虑到农村环境的多样性。迫切需要科学证据,
农村环境中空气污染和极端温度的影响,了解
农村环境。我们的长期目标是建立方法、数据库和科学估计,
保护农村人口健康的知识。我们建议:1)生成空中数据架构
污染,热,冷,健康,社会经济地位,农村形式和其他因素在弗吉尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州; 2)估计
按种族/民族、社会经济地位和气候(寒冷、炎热和热浪)暴露于空气污染的差异,
农村性,占农村形式的变化;和3)估计之间的关联差异
暴露于空气污染或天气和健康的非常年轻(不利的出生结果)和老年人
农村人口(65岁以下者住院),考虑到各种因素的差异
脆弱性因素(社会经济地位低、种族/民族)和农村形式。这些目标将提供一些第一个
关于空气污染、高温和低温如何影响农村社区健康的全面证据,包括
农村形式和种族、民族和社会经济地位等脆弱性因素的交叉性存在差异。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Michelle L Bell其他文献
Estimates of global mortality burden associated with short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PMsub2·5/sub)
与短期暴露于细颗粒物(PM2.5)相关的全球死亡负担估计
- DOI:
10.1016/s2542-5196(24)00003-2 - 发表时间:
2024-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:21.600
- 作者:
Wenhua Yu;Rongbin Xu;Tingting Ye;Michael J Abramson;Lidia Morawska;Bin Jalaludin;Fay H Johnston;Sarah B Henderson;Luke D Knibbs;Geoffrey G Morgan;Eric Lavigne;Jane Heyworth;Simon Hales;Guy B Marks;Alistair Woodward;Michelle L Bell;Jonathan M Samet;Jiangning Song;Shanshan Li;Yuming Guo - 通讯作者:
Yuming Guo
Temporal variations in the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality: a pooled analysis of 380 urban areas over a 22-year period
环境空气污染对心血管和呼吸系统死亡率短期影响的时间变化:一项为期 22 年对 380 个城市地区的汇总分析
- DOI:
10.1016/s2542-5196(24)00168-2 - 发表时间:
2024-09-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:21.600
- 作者:
Maximilian Schwarz;Annette Peters;Massimo Stafoggia;Francesca de'Donato;Francesco Sera;Michelle L Bell;Yuming Guo;Yasushi Honda;Veronika Huber;Jouni J K Jaakkola;Aleš Urban;Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera;Pierre Masselot;Eric Lavigne;Souzana Achilleos;Jan Kyselý;Evangelia Samoli;Masahiro Hashizume;Chris Fook Sheng Ng;Susana das Neves Pereira da Silva;Antonella Zanobetti - 通讯作者:
Antonella Zanobetti
Review of research on residential mobility during pregnancy: consequences for assessment of prenatal environmental exposures
- DOI:
10.1038/jes.2012.42 - 发表时间:
2012-05-23 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.700
- 作者:
Michelle L Bell;Kathleen Belanger - 通讯作者:
Kathleen Belanger
Michelle L Bell的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Michelle L Bell', 18)}}的其他基金
Enhancing SPACE, an innovative python package to account for spatial confounding used to estimate climate-sensitive events among older Medicare
增强 SPACE,这是一个创新的 Python 包,用于解决空间混杂问题,用于估计旧医疗保险中的气候敏感事件
- 批准号:
10839707 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Containerizing tasks to ensure robust AI/ML data curation pipelines to estimate environmental disparities in the rural south
将任务容器化,以确保强大的 AI/ML 数据管理管道,以估计南部农村的环境差异
- 批准号:
10842665 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Connecting weather-related health risk and climate change projections in relation to rural health disparities
将与天气相关的健康风险和气候变化预测与农村健康差异联系起来
- 批准号:
10838844 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Air Pollution, Heat, Cold, and Health: Disparities in the Rural South
空气污染、炎热、寒冷和健康:南方农村地区的差异
- 批准号:
10390562 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Susceptibility and adverse health outcomes related to climate-sensitive events among older Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer and Dementia
患有阿尔茨海默症和痴呆症的老年医疗保险受益人与气候敏感事件相关的易感性和不良健康结果
- 批准号:
10607424 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Environmental Health Disparities in an Older Population
老年人口的环境健康差异
- 批准号:
10196974 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Vulnerability to Health Effects of Wildfires under a Changing Climate in Western
西部气候变化下野火对健康影响的脆弱性
- 批准号:
8471704 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Vulnerability to Health Effects of Wildfires under a Changing Climate in Western
西部气候变化下野火对健康影响的脆弱性
- 批准号:
8266997 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Effects of Fine Particle Composition on Birth Outcomes
细颗粒成分对出生结果的影响
- 批准号:
8625750 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
Effects of Fine Particle Composition on Birth Outcomes
细颗粒成分对出生结果的影响
- 批准号:
8828687 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 67.45万 - 项目类别:
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