Asynchronous Scientific Continuous Computations Exploiting Disaggregation (ASCCED)

利用分解的异步科学连续计算 (ASCCED)

• 批准号: EP/X01794X/1
• 负责人: Hans Vandierendonck
• 金额: $ 25.77万
• 依托单位: Queen's University Belfast
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX01794X%2F1
• 关键词: Asynchronous; Scientific; Continuous; Computations; Exploiting

The design of efficient and scalable scientific simulation software is reaching a critical point whereby continued advances are increasingly harder, more labour-intensive, and thus more expensive to achieve. This challenge emanates from the constantly evolving design of large-scale high-performance computing systems. World-leading (pre-)exascale systems, as well as their successors, are characterised by multi-million-scale parallel computing activities and a highly heterogeneous mix of processor types such as high-end many-core processors, Graphics Processing Units (GPU), machine learning accelerators, and various accelerators for compression, encryption and in-network processing. To make efficient use of these systems, scientific simulation software must be decomposed in various independent components and make simultaneous use of the variety of heterogeneous compute units.Developing efficient, scalable scientific simulation software for these systems becomes increasingly harder as the limits of parallelism available in the simulation codes is approached. Moreover, the limit of parallelism cannot be reached in practice due to heterogeneity, system imbalances and synchronisation overheads. Scientific simulation software often persists over several decades. The software is optimised and re-optimised repeatedly as the design and scale of the target hardware evolves at a much faster pace, as impactful changes in the hardware may occur every few years. One may thus find that the guiding principles that underpin such software are outdated.The ASCCED project will fundamentally change the status quo in the design of scientific simulation software by simplifying the design to reduce software development and maintenance effort, to facilitate performance optimisation, and to make software more robust to future evolution of computing hardware. The key distinguishing factor of our approach is to structure scientific simulation software as a collection of loosely coupled parallel activities. We will explore the opportunities and challenges of applying techniques previously developed for Parallel Discrete Event Simulation (PDES) to orchestrate these loosely coupled parallel activities. This radically novel approach will enable runtime system software to extract unprecedented scales of parallelism and to minimise performance inefficiencies due to synchronisation. Additionally, based on a speculative execution mechanism, it will uncover parallelism that has not been feasible to extract before.The computational model proposed by ASCCED will, if successful, initiate a new direction of research within programming models for high-performance computing that may dramatically impact not only the performance of scientific simulation software, but can also reduce the engineering effort required to produce efficient scientific simulation software. It will have a profound impact on the sciences that are highly dependent on leadership computing capabilities, such as climate modeling and cancer research.

高效且可扩展的科学仿真软件的设计达到了一个关键点，即持续进步越来越困难，更加强大，因此实现更昂贵。这项挑战源于大规模高性能计算系统的不断发展的设计。世界领先（前）Exascale系统及其后继产品的特征是数百万尺度的并行计算活动以及处理器类型的高度异构组合，例如高端多核处理器，图形处理单元（GPU），机器学习加速器以及各种加速器，以供各种加速器进行压缩，用于压缩，Encypression，Encrypection，NeNEn-NENEN-NENEN-NEREN-NENEN-NEREN-NENEN-NER-NENEN-NER-NENEN-NER-NENEN-NER-NENEN-NER-NENEN-NER-NER-NER-NER-NER-NERED。为了有效利用这些系统，必须将科学模拟软件分解为各种独立组件，并同时使用各种异质计算单元。为这些系统开发有效的，可扩展的科学模拟软件变得越来越困难，因为在模拟代码中使用了并行的限制。此外，由于异质性，系统失衡和同步开销，无法在实践中达到并行性的极限。科学仿真软件通常会持续数十年。随着目标硬件的设计和规模以更快的速度演变，该软件被重复优化和重新选择，因为硬件可能每隔几年就会发生有影响力的变化。因此，人们可能会发现，基于此类软件的指导原则已经过时了。ASCCED项目将通过简化设计以减少软件开发和维护工作，促进性能优化，并使软件更强大，从而使计算硬件的未来演变更加强大，从而从根本上改变了科学仿真软件设计的现状。我们方法的主要区别因素是将科学仿真软件构建为松散耦合的平行活动的集合。我们将探讨应用以前开发用于并行离散事件模拟（PDE）的技术的机遇和挑战，以协调这些松散耦合的并行活动。这种根本新颖的方法将使运行时系统软件能够提取并行性的前所未有的量表，并由于同步而使性能降低效率低下。此外，基于一种投机性执行机制，它将发现以前无法提取的并行性。Ascced提出的计算模型将在编程模型中启动新的研究指导，用于高性能计算的高性能计算模型，这些模型可能会极大地影响科学模拟软件的性能，而且还会降低工程学的能力，因此可以产生高度的科学努力。这将对高度依赖领导力计算能力的科学产生深远的影响，例如气候建模和癌症研究。