Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Evaluation of Childhood Anxiety and Depression: Pathways, Risk Factors and Prevention

焦虑和抑郁是当今影响澳大利亚儿童的最常见的心理困扰形式。这些障碍是严重的残疾，并且随着时间的推移而持续。因此，更多地了解这些疾病的发病和病程，以及以积极或消极的方式影响这些疾病的因素是非常重要的。目前的项目有三个主要目标。首先是加深我们对儿童和青年人群中焦虑和抑郁的发展、维持和改善的理解。第二是了解儿童和青少年这两种障碍之间的关系。第三是利用所获得的信息，协助确定预防干预的最佳年龄，并帮助将干预措施与儿童与青少年的具体需要和脆弱性相匹配。该项目旨在通过实施受控预防试验来实现这些目标。这项研究的目的是：1.检验澳大利亚儿童和青少年焦虑和抑郁症状之间的关系2.获得关于这些疾病的评估和预防的有价值的临床信息3.了解与这些疾病相关的风险和保护因素，以及这些因素随时间的推移的影响4.实施和评估以学校为基础的预防计划本研究的预期结果是：1.获得有关儿童和青少年焦虑和抑郁的发病和病程的有价值的信息，及其相关的风险和保护因素2.进一步发展更及时和更有针对性的预防焦虑和抑郁的干预措施4.增强参与研究的儿童的情绪韧性，防止焦虑和抑郁的发生5.通过在国际研究文献中公布该项目的结果来促进澳大利亚的研究

Anxiety and depression are the most common forms of psychological distress affecting Australian children today. These disorders are seriously disabling and continuous across time. Therefore, it is very important to understand more about the onset and course of these disorders, and about factors which influence these disorders in either a positive or negative manner. There are three major goals for the current project. The first is to further our understanding of the development, maintenance, and amelioration of anxiety and depression in a child and youth population. The second is to understand the relationship between these two disorders in children and youth. The third is to use the acquired information to assist in the identification of optimal ages for preventive interventions, and to aid in the matching of interventions to the specific needs and vulnerabilities of children versus adolescents. This project aims to meet these goals through implementation of a controlled prevention trial. The aims fo the research are: 1. To examine the relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depresison in Australian children and youth 2. To gain valuable clinical information regarding the assessment and prevention of these disorders 3. To understand the risk and protective factors associated with these disorders, and the impact of these factors over time 4. To implement and evaluate a school-based prevention program The expected outcomes of the research are: 1. To acquire valuable information related to the onset and course of anxiety and depression in children and youth, and their associated risk and protective factors 2. To further development of more timely and targeted interventions for the prevention of anxiety and depression 4. To enhance the emotional resilience of participating children and prevent the onset of anxiety and depression 5. To promote Australian research by publishing the results of the project within the international research literature