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Emerging Technologies, Trajectories and Implications of Next Generation Innovation Systems Development in China and Russia

中国和俄罗斯下一代创新系统发展的新兴技术、轨迹和影响

基本信息

批准号：
ES/J012785/1
负责人：
Philip Shapira
金额：
$ 41.96万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FJ012785%2F1
关键词：
Emerging Technologies Trajectories Implications Next

项目摘要

The advance of "Rising Powers" - including Brazil, China, Russia, and India - promises to be one of the major forces in global economic, political and social development in the 21st Century. Shifts in the distribution of technological and innovative capabilities underpin these changes. During the 20th Century, the United States along with Western Europe, Japan, and other established economies, led in the application of science and technology in fostering economic growth. In the present century, the Rising Powers are seeking to move beyond low-wage or resource-based strategies for development by expanding their science and technology capabilities. Critically, progress on this front requires not only building up R&D capacities and commercial applications, but also developing appropriate governance systems and institutional and corporate structures, building financial, human capital, management and related complementary assets, facilitating technological entrepreneurship, fostering demand and accessing international markets, and ensuring environmental, societal and political sustainability. If these countries are successful, it is likely that there will be major implications for the established developed countries. These include new opportunities through expanded markets, growth of talent pools and inventiveness, and prospects for scientific collaboration in addressing global environmental and societal challenges. The implications also include potential threats in terms of loss of technological leadership, increased international trade competition, shifts in the balance of military capabilities, and competition for scarce resources. Yet, if the Rising Powers (or at least some of them) fail in their efforts to develop and broadly apply advanced scientific and technological capabilities to further their economic and social development, growth expectations will be unmet or will proceed wastefully and societal tensions might rise, contributing to internal and international political instabilities.This project aims to address scholarly, management and policy issues related to the causes, sustainability and competitiveness of advanced technological development in driving the growth of Rising Powers, and in so doing also explore associated issues of governance and equity. Our technological focus will be on the emerging domain of nanotechnology. Our Rising Power country focus will be on China and Russia, with significant consideration of not only internal developments but also the interactions and implications of the growth of nanotechnology in these two countries for the UK and other developed and developing economies. The project will be undertaken by an interdisciplinary team, involving units of the University of Manchester in partnership with colleagues from China and Russia, with attention to capacity development, building a new research network, fostering training, and engaging users.

包括巴西、中国、俄罗斯和印度在内的“新兴大国”的崛起有望成为21世纪全球经济、政治和社会发展的主要力量之一。技术和创新能力分布的变化是这些变化的基础。在20世纪，美国与西欧、日本和其他成熟经济体一道，在应用科学技术促进经济增长方面处于领先地位。在本世纪，新兴大国正在寻求通过扩大其科学和技术能力来超越低工资或以资源为基础的发展战略。关键的是，在这方面取得进展不仅需要建立研发能力和商业应用，还需要建立适当的治理体系、机构和公司结构，建立金融、人力资本、管理和相关互补资产，促进技术创业，促进需求和进入国际市场，并确保环境、社会和政治的可持续性。如果这些国家取得成功，很可能会对老牌发达国家产生重大影响。其中包括市场扩大带来的新机遇、人才库和创造力的增长，以及在应对全球环境和社会挑战方面开展科学合作的前景。其影响还包括在丧失技术领先地位、国际贸易竞争加剧、军事能力平衡发生变化以及争夺稀缺资源方面的潜在威胁。然而，如果新兴大国（或至少其中一些）未能努力发展和广泛应用先进的科学技术能力来促进其经济和社会发展，增长预期将无法满足或将浪费，社会紧张局势可能会加剧，导致国内和国际政治不稳定。本项目旨在探讨与推动新兴大国发展的先进技术发展的原因、可持续性和竞争力相关的学术、管理和政策问题，并在此过程中探索相关的治理和公平问题。我们的技术重点将放在新兴的纳米技术领域。我们的新兴大国将重点放在中国和俄罗斯，不仅要考虑到国内的发展，还要考虑到这两个国家纳米技术的发展对英国和其他发达国家和发展中经济体的影响和影响。该项目将由一个跨学科团队承担，包括曼彻斯特大学的单位与来自中国和俄罗斯的同事合作，关注能力发展，建立一个新的研究网络，促进培训和吸引用户。