Adaptive false memories: Investigating the effect of future planning on false memory

适应性错误记忆:研究未来规划对错误记忆的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    ES/K010565/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 33.89万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2013 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The idea that a person can have a memory of an event that never in fact occurred seems surprising, yet false memories can easily be created by presenting people with information that hints at related information that is not actually presented. This has been demonstrated by research in which participants are led to believe they saw a non-presented word after studying lists of words that are associated with it (for example, participants might falsely believe they saw the word sleep after seeing or hearing related words such as bed, dream, wake, snore etc). Early theories of memory dismissed such errors as a consequence of an inaccurate memory system. However, evidence is emerging that certain types of false memory can serve a useful role in everyday thinking. For example, rating words for how relevant they are to a survival situation (such as being lost in the grasslands of a foreign country) increases false memories for new words associated with those that were rated. One possible explanation for this is that rating words for their relevance to our survival activates related knowledge that might also be useful in such a situation. The proposed research will explore whether a similar advantage occurs when people think about the relevance of words to a situation involving the planning of a future activity. Participants in the research will be presented with lists of words and asked to rate them in a number of ways, including their relevance to a past event, relevance to a planned future event, and whether they are pleasant or unpleasant (which will act as a control condition). The word lists will be structured in such a way as to produce high levels of false memories (based on previous research). The hypothesis is that thinking about a planned future event activates related information that might be useful in terms of planning the activity. If that is the case then rating words for their relevance to a planned future event will increase the likelihood of falsely remembering related words. Seven experiments will investigate the role of future planning on false memory and will manipulate variables such as the type of memory test (recall versus recognition, conscious versus unconscious memory), the interval between learning and testing, and the type of study materials. The overall aim is to test the view that one of the main functions of human memory, including false memory, is to guide our future behaviour.
一个人可以对一个从未发生过的事件有记忆,这一想法似乎令人惊讶,但虚假记忆很容易通过向人们提供暗示相关信息的信息而产生,而这些信息实际上并没有被呈现。研究已经证明了这一点,在研究中,参与者在研究与之相关的单词列表后被引导相信他们看到了一个未呈现的单词(例如,参与者可能会在看到或听到相关单词(例如床)后错误地相信他们看到了“睡眠”这个词梦、醒、打鼾等)。早期的记忆理论认为这种错误是不准确的记忆系统造成的。然而,越来越多的证据表明,某些类型的错误记忆在日常思维中可以发挥有用的作用。例如,根据单词与生存状况的相关性(例如在外国的草原上迷路)对单词进行评级,会增加与被评级单词相关的新词的错误记忆。一种可能的解释是,对单词进行与我们生存相关性的评级会激活相关知识,这些知识在这种情况下也可能有用。这项拟议中的研究将探讨当人们考虑词语与涉及未来活动计划的情况的相关性时,是否会出现类似的优势。研究人员会向参与者展示一系列单词,并要求他们以多种方式对这些单词进行评级,包括它们与过去事件的相关性,与计划中的未来事件的相关性,以及它们是令人愉快的还是令人不快的(这将作为控制条件)。单词列表的结构将产生高水平的错误记忆(基于先前的研究)。假设是,思考一个计划好的未来事件会激活相关信息,这些信息可能对计划活动有用。如果是这样的话,那么根据单词与计划中的未来事件的相关性对单词进行评级将增加错误记住相关单词的可能性。七个实验将调查未来计划对错误记忆的作用,并将操纵变量,如记忆测试的类型(回忆与识别,有意识与无意识记忆),学习和测试之间的间隔,以及学习材料的类型。总体目标是检验这样一种观点,即人类记忆的主要功能之一,包括错误记忆,是指导我们未来的行为。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Adaptive false memory: Imagining future scenarios increases false memories in the DRM paradigm.
  • DOI:
    10.3758/s13421-016-0620-0
  • 发表时间:
    2016-10
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.4
  • 作者:
    Dewhurst SA;Anderson RJ;Grace L;van Esch L
  • 通讯作者:
    van Esch L
Imagining future scenarios increases false memory.
想象未来的场景会增加错误记忆。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2015
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Dewhurst, S.A.
  • 通讯作者:
    Dewhurst, S.A.
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Stephen Dewhurst其他文献

Subcellular localization of SARS-CoV-2 E and 3a proteins along the secretory pathway
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10735-025-10375-w
  • 发表时间:
    2025-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.200
  • 作者:
    Joshua J. Hinkle;Kathleen A. Trychta;Emily S. Wires;Raven M. Osborn;Justin R. Leach;Zoha F. Faraz;Reinis Svarcbahs;Christopher T. Richie;Stephen Dewhurst;Brandon K. Harvey
  • 通讯作者:
    Brandon K. Harvey

Stephen Dewhurst的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Stephen Dewhurst', 18)}}的其他基金

Investigating the reinstatement effect in recognition memory.
研究识别记忆的恢复效果。
  • 批准号:
    ES/E024947/1
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 33.89万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Identifying the origin of false memories: A comparison of DRM and categorised lists.
识别错误记忆的起源:DRM 和分类列表的比较。
  • 批准号:
    ES/E00430X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 33.89万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
REU Site Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology at Rochester
REU 罗切斯特细胞和分子生物学现场项目
  • 批准号:
    0243789
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 33.89万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
REU Site Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology at Rochester
REU 罗切斯特细胞和分子生物学现场项目
  • 批准号:
    9986712
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 33.89万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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药学统计学在中药代谢组学中生物标记物识别的研究
  • 批准号:
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  • 批准年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
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Understanding the contribution of individual differences to domain-general and domain-specific components of false memories in both young and older adults
了解个体差异对年轻人和老年人错误记忆的一般领域和特定领域组成部分的贡献
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Imagination as a source of false memories in younger and older adults: cognitive and brain mechanisms.
想象力作为年轻人和老年人错误记忆的来源:认知和大脑机制。
  • 批准号:
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Distinguishing false from true memories
区分虚假记忆和真实记忆
  • 批准号:
    388752-2012
  • 财政年份:
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  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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检查情绪特定记忆:对真实和错误记忆持久性的调查
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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区分虚假记忆和真实记忆
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区分虚假记忆和真实记忆
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