Understanding the Political and Institutional Conditions for Effective Poverty Reduction for Persons with Disabilities in Liberia

了解利比里亚残疾人有效减贫的政治和制度条件

• 批准号: ES/L005719/1
• 负责人: Maria Kett
• 金额: $ 51.25万
• 依托单位: Leonard Cheshire
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL005719%2F1
• 关键词: Understanding; Political; Institutional; Conditions; Effective

This research will address the overarching question 'What political and institutional conditions are associated with effective poverty reduction and development, and what can domestic and external actors do to promote these conditions?' It will do this by focusing on one country, Liberia, and exploring in-depth the relationship between national and international institutions and actors to understand how the linkages and processes between state and society are benefiting one of the most marginalised populations - persons with disabilities.It is argued that persons with disabilities tend to be among the poorest in the world (Groce et al 2011), particularly in lower income and post-conflict countries. They frequently face social exclusion, marginalisation and stigmatisation. This generally implies they have limited "political voice", which is reflected in a lack of attention to disability issues within national policies, in particular those aimed at poverty alleviation. As a result, the living conditions of persons with disabilities tend to worsen over time, facilitating a frequently discussed reciprocal link between disability and poverty - a 'vicious circle' - that produces a spiral of increasing deprivation. However, the Government of Liberia is trying to break this circle. Since the end of the brutal civil conflict in 2003 and the election of Africa's first female President in 2005, Liberia has taken a number of steps to try to improve the lives of persons with disabilities. It has signed and ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), and has supported the establishment of a National Commission on Disability. One of the major international actors, the United Nations, through the Human Rights and Protection Section (HRPS) of the UN peacekeeping mission in Liberia (UNMIL), has been instrumental in facilitating a productive interchange and constant dialogue between the Liberian government and civil society, as well as increasing the human rights focus in national poverty reduction and policy development. These actions are based on the premise that it is possible to promote and foster a 'virtuous circle' in which the efforts of the Liberian Government can be reinforced through an iterative feedback process from persons with disabilities and their organisations. In order to understand this iterative process, further work needs to be undertaken using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to better understand the impact of policies and programmes on the lives of persons with disabilities across Liberia.The promotion of wellbeing for persons with disabilities and their families is crucial in achieving equitable development, as measured by indicators such as the Millennium Development Goals, particularly considering the recent shift in the criteria for measuring country-level development performance from economic production to people's wellbeing (Stiglitz et al. 2009). This shift entails new challenges, different assessment and evaluation procedures, multidisciplinary theoretical approaches and new analytical strategies. This research will represent a first attempt to use an innovative approach to broaden knowledge in this area by surveying families that have at least one member with a disability, assessing quality of life indicators from different members within the same household, and analysing the information using methodologies which take into account the nested nature of this data. In addition, the research will be situated within the on-going international debate on wellbeing. Due to the complexity of both multidimensional poverty and disability issues, a multidisciplinary approach will be used and a broad range of stakeholders will be involved throughout the process, including disabled peoples organisations, NGOs, and universities.If successful, the research project will be submitted to the UCL Ethics Committee for approval.

这项研究将解决一个首要问题，即“哪些政治和体制条件与有效减贫和发展有关，国内和外部行为者可以做些什么来促进这些条件？“它将通过关注利比里亚这个国家，深入探讨国家和国际机构与行为体之间的关系，以了解国家和社会之间的联系和进程如何使最边缘化的人群之一--残疾人受益。（Groce et al 2011），特别是在低收入和冲突后国家。他们经常面临社会排斥、边缘化和污名化。这通常意味着他们的“政治发言权”有限，这反映在国家政策、特别是旨在减贫的政策中对残疾问题缺乏关注。因此，残疾人的生活条件往往随着时间的推移而恶化，助长了经常讨论的残疾与贫穷之间的相互联系-一种“恶性循环”-这种循环造成了日益加剧的贫困。然而，利比里亚政府正试图打破这一循环。自2003年残酷的国内冲突结束和2005年选举非洲第一位女总统以来，利比里亚采取了若干步骤，努力改善残疾人的生活。它签署并批准了《联合国残疾人权利公约》，并支持建立国家残疾人委员会。联合国是主要的国际行动者之一，通过联合国利比里亚维持和平使命团（联利特派团）的人权和保护科，在促进利比里亚政府与民间社会之间富有成效的交流和持续对话，以及在国家减贫和政策制定中加强对人权的重视方面发挥了重要作用。这些行动的前提是，有可能促进和培育一种“良性循环”，通过残疾人及其组织的反复反馈过程，利比里亚政府的努力可以得到加强。为了理解这一迭接过程，需要利用定量和定性方法开展进一步工作，以更好地了解政策和方案对利比里亚各地残疾人生活的影响，促进残疾人及其家庭的福祉对于实现公平发展至关重要，如千年发展目标、特别是考虑到最近衡量国家一级发展业绩的标准从经济生产转向人民福祉（Stiglitz等人，2009年）。这一转变带来了新的挑战、不同的评估和评价程序、多学科理论方法和新的分析战略。这项研究将是首次尝试采用一种创新办法，通过调查至少有一名残疾成员的家庭，评估同一家庭不同成员的生活质量指标，并利用考虑到这一数据嵌套性质的方法分析信息，来扩大这一领域的知识。此外，这项研究将在正在进行的关于福祉的国际辩论中进行。由于贫困和残疾问题的复杂性，将采用多学科方法，并在整个过程中广泛的利益相关者参与，包括残疾人组织，非政府组织和大学。如果成功，研究项目将提交给伦敦大学学院伦理委员会批准。

项目成果

Additional file 1 of The Ebola crisis and people with disabilities' access to healthcare and government services in Liberia

利比里亚埃博拉危机和残疾人获得医疗保健和政府服务的附加文件 1

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17079434
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Kett M

The Ebola crisis and people with disabilities' access to healthcare and government services in Liberia.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01580-6
• 发表时间: 2021-11-24
• 期刊: International journal for equity in health
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Kett M;Cole E;Beato L;Carew M;Ngafuan R;Konneh S;Colbourn T
• 通讯作者: Colbourn T