'Becoming adult': Conceptions of futures and wellbeing among young people subject to immigration control in the UK

“成为成年人”：受英国移民管制的年轻人对未来和福祉的看法

• 批准号: ES/L009226/1
• 负责人: Elaine Chase
• 金额: $ 83.71万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL009226%2F1
• 关键词: Becoming; adult; Conceptions; futures; wellbeing

Young people who migrate to the UK alone without a parent or legal guardian face a range of possible outcomes as they make the transition to 'adulthood' (as institutionally defined) at the age of 18. For many, this stage in their lives corresponds with a transition into illegality as they become no longer eligible for support services dedicated to 'children', and reach the end of their legal right to remain in the UK. Many disengage from institutions in order to decrease the risk of being forcibly removed to their countries of origin. Some may migrate on to other parts of Europe or, if returned to a country of origin, may subsequently come back to Europe. Even if they stay in the UK, being labelled an 'adult' usually means a drop in entitlements with respect to access to education, housing and other welfare services. Innovative and participatory in nature, this research addresses a significant gap in our understanding of what happens to young people subject to immigration control once they 'become adult'. It explores young people's own conceptions of their futures, how these are formed and the factors which affect their ability to realise these future plans over time. This is the first ever attempt to systematically investigate the longer term wellbeing outcomes for young people subject to immigration control in the UK once they turn 18. The research prioritises the intersection between wellbeing and futures and addresses the following questions: 1. How do young people 'becoming adult' while subject to immigration control in the UK conceptualise and seek to realise their future plans over time? 2. In what ways are young people subject to immigration control influenced in how they conceptualise and seek to realise their future plans by the cultural norms and social networks with which they interact over time and place? 3. Given the pre-established association between a well defined future and a sense of wellbeing, how do processes of immigration control impact on young people's wellbeing outcomes over time? 4. What policy implications emerge from an analysis of the synergy/ dissonance between policies governing the outcomes for young people subject to immigration control and their lived experiences of 'becoming adult'? Bringing together sociological, anthropological and social policy modes of inquiry, the study combines: in-depth longitudinal research with young people subject to immigration control from four countries (Afghanistan, Eritrea, Vietnam and Albania); a critical analysis of culturally embedded understandings of futures and wellbeing (and their associations with migration and 'adulthood') in four country contexts; an analysis of relevant immigration and asylum policies and their applications; a measure of wellbeing (using objective and subjective indicators) over time; and the building of a national profile of outcomes for young people subject to immigration control as they make the transition to adulthood. A key methodological innovation is the involvement of young people subject to immigration control as central members of the research team throughout the course of the project. By critically juxtaposing young people's lived experiences of migration and their associated cultural attachments with immigration control policies, this work examins the relevance of such policies, their likely efficacy and their impact on young people's wellbeing. A range of academic outputs will be supplemented by additional policy outputs including: a set of policy and practice guidelines for supporting young adults subject to immigration control of international relevance; an accredited training programme in research methods completed by 10 young adults who are/ have been subject to immigration control; an international Europe-wide policy conference; a set of educational materials for schools and colleges; and a participatory art project as a medium for disseminating key research findings.

在没有父母或法定监护人的情况下，独自移民到英国的年轻人将面临一系列可能的后果，因为他们将在18岁时过渡到成年(按照制度定义)。对于许多人来说，他们人生的这个阶段对应着向非法移民的过渡，因为他们不再有资格获得专门针对儿童的支持服务，也达到了他们留在英国的合法权利的尽头。许多人脱离机构，以减少被强行遣送回原籍国的风险。有些人可能会移居到欧洲其他地区，如果返回原籍国，可能随后又会回到欧洲。即使他们留在英国，被贴上成年人的标签通常也意味着他们在获得教育、住房和其他福利服务方面的权利下降。这项研究具有创新性和参与性，解决了我们对受移民管制的年轻人一旦成年后会发生什么的理解上的一个重大差距。它探讨了年轻人自己对未来的概念，这些概念是如何形成的，以及影响他们随着时间的推移实现这些未来计划的能力的因素。这是有史以来第一次系统地调查英国受移民管制的年轻人在年满18岁后的长期幸福结果。这项研究优先考虑幸福和未来之间的交集，并解决了以下问题：1.在英国，受移民管制的年轻人是如何构思并寻求随着时间的推移实现他们未来计划的？2.受移民管制的年轻人在他们如何通过文化规范和社交网络来构思和寻求实现他们的未来计划方面受到了哪些方面的影响？3.考虑到明确定义的未来和幸福感之间的预先建立的联系，随着时间的推移，移民管制过程如何影响年轻人的幸福结果？4.对受移民管制的年轻人的结果管理政策与他们“成年”的生活经历之间的协同/不协调进行分析后，得出了哪些政策含义？这项研究汇集了社会学、人类学和社会政策的调查方式，结合了：对来自四个国家(阿富汗、厄立特里亚、越南和阿尔巴尼亚)的受移民管制的青年进行深入的纵向研究；批判性地分析四个国家对未来和福祉(及其与移徙和“成年”的联系)的文化根深蒂固的理解；分析相关的移民和庇护政策及其应用；衡量一段时间内的幸福感(使用客观和主观指标)；以及建立一个关于受移民管制的年轻人在过渡到成年期时的结果的国家概况。一项关键的方法创新是在整个项目过程中让接受移民管制的年轻人作为研究小组的核心成员参与进来。通过批判性地将年轻人的移民生活经历及其相关的文化依恋与移民管制政策进行比较，这项工作审查了这些政策的相关性、可能的效力及其对年轻人福祉的影响。除了一系列学术产出外，还将有更多的政策产出，其中包括：一套政策和实践准则，以支持受具有国际意义的移民管制的青年人；由目前/曾经受移民管制的10名青年人完成的经认可的研究方法培训方案；举行一次全欧洲范围的国际政策会议；为学校和大学编写一套教育材料；以及一个参与性艺术项目，作为传播关键研究成果的媒介。

项目成果

Becoming adult by remaining a minor': Reconfigurations of Adulthood and Wellbeing by Young Vietnamese Migrants in the UK

通过保持未成年人的身份成为成年人”：在英国的年轻越南移民对成年和福祉的重新配置

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Barber, T.

A Gendered Approach to the Syrian Refugee Crisis

叙利亚难民危机的性别分析方法

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: []

"To Everyone, Homeland is Kashmir": Cultural Conceptions of Migration, Wellbeing, Adulthood and Future among Young Afghans in Europe

“克什米尔是每个人的家园”：欧洲阿富汗年轻人的移民、福祉、成年和未来的文化观念

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Abbasi, K

English 'iron rod' welfare versus Italian 'colander' welfare: understanding the intra-European mobility strategies of unaccompanied young migrants and refugees

英国“铁棒”福利与意大利“漏勺”福利：了解无人陪伴的年轻移民和难民的欧洲内部流动策略

• DOI: 10.1177/09589287221095056
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of European Social Policy
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Allsopp J

Escaping Eritrea, Entering Sidet: Young Refugees Realizing Voice, Autonomy and Responsibility in Exile

逃离厄立特里亚，进入西德特：年轻难民在流亡中实现发言权、自主权和责任

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Bozzini, D.