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Collecting New Time Use Resources (CNTUR)

收集新的时间使用资源 (CNTUR)

基本信息

批准号：
ES/L011662/1
负责人：
Jonathan Gershuny
金额：
$ 486.58万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL011662%2F1
关键词：
Collecting New Time Use Resources

项目摘要

Daily events - driving to work, cinema visits, playing with children - are the atoms of social life. The life-course of each individual in any society consists of a sequence of such events, partially reiterated over daily, weekly, seasonal and annual cycles. Specific elements of these sequences accumulate into individual biographical characteristics: a history of continuous job participation increases "human capital" (expected future wage), frequent visits to the theatre or concert call accumulate as cultural capital and so on. And in turn, these individual characteristics aggregate to form key societal variables such as employment levels, rates of cultural participation, quantities of household production and voluntary care provision. Time, unlike money, is an appropriate unit of account for leisure and unpaid work as well as paid. So random samples of event sequences represent all the time devoted to all of a society's activities. Time Use Diary Surveys (TUDSs), collecting activity sequences from random samples, therefore, provide a more comprehensive and consistent view of socio-economic circumstances than emerge, either from the money-related phenomena which predominate in conventional economic statistics, or from sociologists use of disjointed questionnaire measures of work-related behaviour and domestic and leisure practices or participation in cultural and sporting events.TUDSs have an unusually wide range of current or potential applications:* Establishing relationship between conventional National Product and non-monetary output* Identifying the impact of labour market exclusion on leisure, voluntary, other unpaid work * Identifying short duration trips (underestimated in the National Travel Survey)* Measuring (changes in) the domestic division of labour* Estimating extent of sociability, co-presence and care activities* Estimating personal physical activity levels in relation to medical/public health objectives * Registering exposure to environmental risk or strain from people's daily activity * Measurement of subjective well being and instantaneous or "objective" utilityThe resource collection and enhancement activities proposed here will contribute substantially to historical and cross-national comparative research in each of these areas. The UK has a substantial historical collection of full-scale TUDSs covering the period 1961-2001, but unlike most other developed countries, has no recent time diary survey. The new large UK time diary survey proposed here for 2014, not only updates the sequence of UK studies but, conforming to the standard Harmonized European Time Use Survey protocol, enables straightforward and detailed comparisons with more than a dozen other recent European time diary surveys, as well as comparisons with the much larger (20 country, 40 year, 60 survey) Multinational Time Use Study (MTUS), which is maintained by the Centre for Time Use Research (CTUR) and will also be extended as a result of this proposal.The proposal also includes:* the development of a new diary-based measure of enjoyment of activities, together with improved questionnaire measures of longer-term rates of participation in infrequent activities (exercise, sports, cultural events), and collecting these, both for an experimental sub-sample of the new UK diary study, and, in simplified form, as a module to be fielded as part of internet panel studies in 8 European countries.* combining diaries with accelerometer body camera, and household equipment energy meters, in experimental samples, so as to validate and calibrate associations of activity measure with energy use and energy demand. * improving and extending the historical and geographical range of the MTUS, and attaching additional calibrated measures.* improving documentation and other researcher support on the CTUR website, and providing workshops and other training materials for time use data collection and analysis.

日常事务--开车上班、看电影、和孩子们玩耍--是社交生活的原子。在任何社会中，每个人的生命历程都由一系列这样的事件组成，这些事件在每日、每周、季节和年度循环中部分重复。这些序列的特定元素积累成个人传记特征：连续参与工作的历史增加了“人力资本”(预期未来工资)，频繁去剧院或音乐会积累为文化资本，等等。反过来，这些个人特征聚集在一起形成了关键的社会变量，如就业水平、文化参与率、家庭生产量和自愿护理提供。与金钱不同，时间是休闲、无偿工作和有偿工作的适当记账单位。因此，事件序列的随机样本代表了一个社会所有活动所花费的所有时间。因此，时间使用日记调查(TUDS)从随机样本中收集活动序列，提供了对社会经济状况更全面和一致的看法，无论是从传统经济统计中占主导地位的与金钱有关的现象，还是从社会学家使用脱节的问卷测量工作相关行为和家庭和休闲活动或参与文化和体育活动。TUDS具有异常广泛的当前或潜在应用：*建立传统国民生产总值和非货币产出之间的关系*确定劳动力市场排斥对休闲的影响，自愿的，其他无偿工作*确定短期旅行(在全国旅行调查中被低估)*衡量(变化)国内分工*估计社交、共存和护理活动的程度*估计与医疗/公共卫生目标有关的个人体力活动水平*登记人们日常活动对环境风险或压力的暴露程度*衡量主观幸福感和瞬时或“客观”效用这里建议的资源收集和增强活动将大大有助于这些领域的历史和跨国家比较研究。英国在1961年至2001年期间拥有大量完整的TUDS历史收藏，但与大多数其他发达国家不同的是，英国没有最近的时间日记调查。英国时间使用研究中心(CTUR)提出的2014年大型英国时间日记调查不仅更新了英国研究的顺序，而且符合标准的协调欧洲时间使用调查协议，能够与其他十几项最近的欧洲时间日记调查进行直接和详细的比较，并与规模更大的(20个国家、40年、60个调查)多国时间使用研究(MTUS)进行比较，该研究也将因这项提议而延长。该建议还包括：*开发一种基于日记的新活动乐趣衡量标准，与改进后的问卷测量不频繁活动(锻炼、体育、文化活动)的长期参与率，并收集这些数据，作为英国新日记研究的试验性子样本，并以简化形式作为模块，作为8个欧洲国家互联网小组研究的一部分。*在实验样本中将日记与加速度计、人体相机和家用设备能量计结合起来，以验证和校准活动测量与能源使用和能源需求的关联。*改进和扩大MTU的历史和地理范围，并附加额外的校准措施。*改进CTUR网站上的文件和其他研究人员支持，并为时间使用数据收集和分析提供讲习班和其他培训材料。