PH AND THE HEAVY METALS ALUMINUM, COPPER, LEAD, AND ZINC

这项调查的目的是记录变化的影响 PH及铝、铜、铅、锌对淡水湖藻类的毒性我们将专注于 赤潮藻细胞变化及生长速率的研究 不同pH条件下铝、铜、铅、锌的存在和不存在。 具体来说，这项研究的目标是： 1.测定pH值从9.0到3.0对藻类生长的影响 精选具有代表性的淡水湖藻类。 2.测定了铝、铜、铅、锌在不同pH值下的EC50。 这项研究。 3.在不同的PHS测试中，使用形态测量法确定细胞效应 铝、铜、铅、锌在EC50和一对数浓度下的效应 在这一点之上和之下。 4.测定不同处理对黄瓜叶绿素含量的影响 细胞。这是对生产率的一个很好的估计。 5.用X射线能量色散分析进行扫描测定 透射电子显微镜观察铝、铜、铅、铝、铜、铅、 而锌已经发生了。 6.建立这四种阳离子的毒性等级 改变pH水平，以确定铝作为关键因素的重要性 酸化过程中的毒物。 人们认为，为了了解重金属对人体的毒害作用 细胞系统，有必要记录pH变化是如何影响的 这些金属在细胞和细胞内水平上的动员。 这个项目就是为了解决这个问题。

It is the purpose of this investigation to document the effects of changing pH and Al, Cu, Pb and Zn toxicity on freshwater lake algae. We will focus the study on cellular changes and the growth rates of the algae at different pH in the presence and absence of Al, Cu, Pb and Zn. Specifically, the objectives of this study are: 1. Determine the effect of changing pH from 9.0 to 3.0 on the growth of selected representative freshwater lake algae. 2. Determine the EC50 of Al, cu, Pb and Zn at the different pHs used in this study. 3. Determine cellular effects using morphometry at the different pHs tested and the effect of Al, Cu, Pb and Zn at the EC50 and one log concentration above and below this point. 4. Determine the effect of each treatment on the chlorophyll content of the cells. This is a good estimate of productivity. 5. Determine using X-ray energy dispersive analysis with a scanning transmission electron microscope if compartmentalization of the Al, Cu, Pb, and Zn has occurred. 6. To establish the toxicity hierarchy among these four cations at the varying pH levels in order to determine the importance of Al as a key toxicant in acidogenesis. It is felt, in order to understand the toxic effects of heavy metals to cell systems, that it is necessary to document how pH alterations effect the mobilization of these metals at the cellular and intracellular level. This project is designed to address this question.