Behavioural Compatibility between Individual Choice and Collective Action

个人选择与集体行动之间的行为相容性

• 批准号: ES/N00762X/1
• 负责人: Gareth Myles
• 金额: $ 10.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FN00762X%2F1
• 关键词: Behavioural; Compatibility; between; Individual; Choice

There are many instances in economic and social life where good individual choices add up to poor choices for society. The financial crisis of 2009 can be understood in these terms: an individual banker may expect it to be profitable to grant a loan to a risky customer, but bankers collectively granting risky loans leads to systemic market collapse and a loss for all. A similar story lies behind the accumulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide where it makes sense for each firm or individual to burn fossil fuels but it does not make sense at global level. There are traditional economic models of these situations but recent research, including work at the Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics (IQTE) and at the Tax Administration Research Centre (TARC), has shown the importance of psychological and cultural factors in guiding decisions. The emergence of behavioural economics, and the changed perspective on individual choice that has resulted, gives a pressing need to re-examine the links between individual choices and social outcomes within the new paradigm.The application for funding will support workshops, masterclasses, visitor exchange, and a joint research programme of a partnership between the IQTE, China, and TARC, UK. The activities of the partnership are designed to merge the expertise of the two organisations. TARC has considerable expertise in applying computer simulations of individual behaviour to model social outcomes. It also has specialized capability in experimental economics with ready access to a large body of experimental subjects and capability in using online experiments to target specific sectors of the population. TARC is also developing competence in computable general equilibrium. IQTE is one of most important departments in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. It acts as a "think tank" to support state decisions on fiscal (tax) and financial policy-making. It is highly skilled in the mathematical modelling of economic problems and also has extensive capabilities in computer simulation and experimentation. In both research institutes the focus of research has been exploring real policy problems to enhance economic development and social welfare. The research programme will develop the experience of IQTE and TARC in applying a range of research methods to policy problems. The underlying theme of an improved understanding of the social, or "macro", outcome by better modelling of individual, or "micro", decisions will underpin the individual research projects. The selected research projects have policy relevance in both China and the UK and include implementing VAT in the financial sector, poverty reduction and the reduction of inequality, and investor behaviour and emergence of capital markets. The results of the research will be communicated to policy-makers in China and in the UK so that policy impact is achieved, and to academics worldwide so the international impact is obtained.

在经济和社会生活中，有许多例子表明，好的个人选择加起来对社会来说是糟糕的选择。2009年的金融危机可以这样理解：单个银行家可能期望向高风险客户发放贷款是有利可图的，但银行家集体发放高风险贷款会导致系统性市场崩溃，所有人都蒙受损失。大气中二氧化碳的积累背后也有类似的故事，每个公司或个人燃烧化石燃料是有道理的，但在全球层面上却没有道理。这些情况有传统的经济模型，但最近的研究，包括数量和技术经济学研究所（IQTE）和税收管理研究中心（TARC）的工作，表明心理和文化因素在指导决策方面的重要性。行为经济学的出现，以及由此产生的个人选择视角的改变，迫切需要在新范式中重新审视个人选择与社会结果之间的联系。申请资金将用于支持研讨会、大师班、访客交流以及中国IQTE和英国TARC合作的联合研究项目。该伙伴关系的活动旨在合并两个组织的专业知识。TARC在应用计算机模拟个人行为来模拟社会结果方面具有相当大的专长。它在实验经济学方面也有专门的能力，可以随时获得大量的实验对象，并有能力利用在线实验来针对特定的人群。TARC还在发展可计算一般均衡方面的能力。IQTE是中国社会科学院最重要的部门之一。它作为一个“智囊团”，支持国家在财政（税收）和金融决策方面的决策。它在经济问题的数学建模方面有很高的技能，在计算机模拟和实验方面也有广泛的能力。这两个研究所的研究重点都是探讨促进经济发展和社会福利的实际政策问题。该研究计划将发展IQTE和TARC在将一系列研究方法应用于政策问题方面的经验。通过更好地对个人（或“微观”）决策建模，提高对社会（或“宏观”）结果的理解，这一潜在主题将支撑个人研究项目。所选的研究项目在中国和英国都具有政策相关性，包括在金融部门实施增值税，减少贫困和减少不平等，以及投资者行为和资本市场的出现。研究结果将传达给中国和英国的政策制定者，以实现政策影响，并传达给世界各地的学术界，以获得国际影响。

项目成果

The Effects of Income Windfalls on Labor Supply and Tax Compliance: Experimental Evidence

意外收入对劳动力供应和税收合规性的影响：实验证据

• DOI: 10.1561/105.00000156
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Review of Behavioral Economics
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Rahimi L

Herding, social network and volatility

• DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2017.04.018
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Economic Modelling
• 影响因子: 4.7
• 作者: Guocheng Wang;Yanyi Wang

Will any gossip do? Gossip does not need to be perfectly accurate to promote trust

• DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2017.09.015
• 发表时间: 2018-01-01
• 期刊: GAMES AND ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Fonseca, Miguel A.;Peters, Kim
• 通讯作者: Peters, Kim

A psychometric investigation of the personality traits underlying individual tax morale

对个人税务士气的人格特征进行心理测量调查

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Nicolas Jacquemet, Paris School Of Economics;University Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne
• 通讯作者: University Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne

Preordered service in contract enforcement

合同执行中的预订服务

• DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2020.04.007
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Games and Economic Behavior
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Auerbach J