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Diagnostic innovation and livestock (DIAL): towards more effective and sustainable applications of antibiotics in livestock farming

诊断创新和牲畜（DIAL）：在畜牧业中更有效和可持续地应用抗生素

基本信息

批准号：
ES/P008194/1
负责人：
Henry Buller
金额：
$ 178.34万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FP008194%2F1
关键词：
Diagnostic innovation livestock DIAL towards

项目摘要

The widespread use of antibiotics in livestock farming, in many circumstances, increasingly serves as alternative to the diagnosis, targeted treatment and prevention of disease in individual animals, flocks and herds. Relationships and practices between diagnosis, prescription, treatment and prevention have become stretched to the point of rupture, a rupture thrown into sharp focus by the issue of AMR. Better, smarter, more rapid and more accessible diagnoses, driven by a shift in the behaviours and conditions associated with diagnostic decision making (whether performed in the laboratory or at the point-of-care by veterinarians or farmers) represents a critical step to delivering a more effective and sensible use of antibiotic medicines in animal health. Improvements in diagnostic development and practice, however, and in their relationship to prescription and treatment, require social, governance and technical innovations, understanding the parameters and conditions of which demands urgent research. In this proposed research, we ask: "What needs to be in place to develop better conditions for a diagnostic-led approach to animal care and treatment?"This interdisciplinary research team will work with and draw from original, empirically driven information, understanding and analysis from diagnostic tool developers and regulators, veterinary practices and professional bodies, farmers and treatment, decision makers, veterinary laboratories, the food industry and government regulatory authorities to develop durable and innovative strategies for facilitating and advancing smarter approaches to the use of antibiotics in agriculture.We aim to collaboratively generate, evaluate and analyse behaviours and strategies in the practice and governance of animal disease diagnosis, and to show how innovation in the development of diagnostic tools and methods in diagnostic practice along with diagnostic regulation and governance can lead to more sensible use and prescription of antibiotics in animal farming. To do this, we will assess current diagnostic and treatment decision practices in the UK. We will generate understanding of the current development of, market for, and regulation of new and innovative diagnostic tools and technologies. Working with veterinarians, diagnostic developers, farmer and regulators, we will identify pathways and possibilities for improved diagnostic practice and, with partner veterinary practices, will trial new diagnostic tools on a series of farms. We will conduct pilot and capacity-building research in Tanzania, where the relative absence of robust national-level institutions and governance structures for the management of animal disease creates a different context for the coherent stewardship of antibiotic practice and diagnostic use.We will assess the adaptability and responsiveness of the different production sectors (poultry, pigs and cattle), along with a variety of veterinary structures, to the trialled innovations in diagnosis and diagnostics, and will determine the likely benefits of these innovations for prescription practice, for animal health and for livestock production. We will evaluate the implications these innovations will have for the organisation, cost-effectiveness and efficiency of veterinary practice, as well as for veterinary training. We will identify the changes in behaviour, practice and knowledge necessary to accompany the more widespread adoption of novel and innovative practices that are deemed effective. We will assess the regulatory and governance support necessary to see the adoption and use of innovative diagnostic practices. With our project partners, we will develop detailed strategies for the improved use of diagnostic tools and practices to enable more effective and sensible use of antibiotics in livestock agriculture.

在许多情况下，在牲畜养殖中广泛使用抗生素，越来越多地成为个体动物、羊群和牛群疾病的诊断、靶向治疗和预防的替代方法。诊断、处方、治疗和预防之间的关系和做法已经延伸到破裂的地步，抗生素耐药性问题使这种破裂成为人们关注的焦点。在与诊断决策（无论是在实验室还是由兽医或农民在护理点进行）相关的行为和条件发生转变的推动下，更好、更智能、更快速和更容易获得诊断，是在动物卫生领域更有效和更合理地使用抗生素药物的关键一步。然而，诊断发展和实践的改进及其与处方和治疗的关系需要社会、治理和技术创新，了解这些创新的参数和条件需要紧急研究。在这项拟议的研究中，我们问：“需要什么来为以诊断为主导的动物护理和治疗方法创造更好的条件？”这一跨学科研究团队将与诊断工具开发商和监管机构、兽医实践和专业机构、农民和治疗、决策者、兽医实验室、食品工业和政府监管机构合作，并从原始的、经验驱动的信息、理解和分析中汲取经验，制定持久和创新的战略，以促进和推进在农业中使用抗生素的更智能方法。我们的目标是合作产生、评估和分析动物疾病诊断实践和治理中的行为和策略，并展示诊断实践中诊断工具和方法的发展创新以及诊断监管和治理如何能够导致动物养殖中更合理地使用和处方抗生素。为此，我们将评估英国目前的诊断和治疗决策实践。我们将产生对新的和创新的诊断工具和技术的当前发展、市场和监管的理解。我们将与兽医、诊断开发人员、农民和监管机构合作，确定改进诊断做法的途径和可能性，并与合作兽医做法一起，在一系列农场试用新的诊断工具。我们将在坦桑尼亚开展试点和能力建设研究，因为坦桑尼亚相对缺乏强有力的国家一级动物疾病管理机构和治理结构，这为对抗生素做法和诊断使用进行连贯的管理创造了不同的环境。我们将评估不同生产部门（家禽、猪和牛）以及各种兽医机构对诊断和诊断试验创新的适应性和反应能力，并将确定这些创新对处方实践、动物健康和畜牧生产可能带来的好处。我们将评估这些创新对兽医实践的组织、成本效益和效率以及兽医培训的影响。我们将确定行为、实践和知识方面的变化，以配合更广泛地采用被认为有效的新颖和创新实践。我们将评估采用和使用创新诊断实践所需的监管和治理支持。我们将与项目合作伙伴一起制定详细的战略，改进诊断工具和做法的使用，以便在畜牧业中更有效、更合理地使用抗生素。