GERM CELL-SPECIFIC MOLECULES OF SPERMATOZOA

精子生殖细胞特异性分子

• 批准号: 3876983
• 负责人: E M EDDY
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3876983
• 关键词: Sertoli cells; binding proteins; cell migration; chemotaxis; cytogenetics; cytoskeleton; developmental genetics; epididymis; fertilization; flagellum; gel electrophoresis; gene expression; genetic library; germ cells; glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase; glycoproteins; immunofluorescence technique; intermediate filaments; laboratory mouse; meiosis; membrane proteins; molecular cloning; monoclonal antibody; protein biosynthesis; protein structure function; regulatory gene; sperm; spermatogenesis; structural genes; surface antigens; testis

Spermatogenesis proceeds from proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells, through the unique process of meiosis in spermatocytes, to end with the dramatic morphogenesis of haploid spermatids into spermatozoa. This project examines gene products responsible for the unique structural and functional features of spermatozoa, with the goal of determining the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms which regulate expression of genes at different phases of the developmental process of spermatogenesis. For example, the fibrous sheath is a cytoskeletal component of the sperm flagellum assembled late in spermatogenesis. A 78kd fibrous sheath protein is synthesized during meiosis, while a 67kd protein appears in spermatids. These proteins share biochemical and functional properties with intermediate filament proteins. Monoclonal antibody and cDNA sequencing studies suggest these proteins are products of unique intermediate filament genes. Also being studied is a gene for a glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme (G3PD) of spermatogenic cells. Northern blot data indicate that this gene is expressed only in spermatogenic cells, with the transcript being present in low amounts in spermatocytes and abundant in spermatids. Although not required by ,spermatids, this G3PD appears to accommodate unique metabolic needs of spermatozoa. These and other recent studies indicate that spermatogenic cell-specific proteins are often variants of known somatic cell proteins and the products of genes expressed only in germ cells. This suggests that unique structural and functional features of spermatozoa are the result of germ cell-specific gene expression.

精子发生是精原干细胞增殖的结果， 通过精母细胞减数分裂的独特过程，以 单倍体精子细胞向精子的戏剧性形态发生。这个项目 研究基因产物负责独特的结构和功能， 精子的特征，目的是确定内在的和 在不同时期调控基因表达的外在机制 精子发生的发育过程例如，纤维 鞘是精子鞭毛后期组装的细胞骨架成分， 精子发生一个78 kd的纤维鞘蛋白质是在 减数分裂时，精子细胞中出现一个67 kd的蛋白质。这些蛋白质共享 生物化学和功能特性与中间丝蛋白。 单克隆抗体和cDNA测序研究表明，这些蛋白质是 独特的中间纤维基因的产物。同时正在研究的还有一个 3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶（G3 PD）的基因， 生精细胞北方印迹数据表明，该基因是 仅在生精细胞中表达，转录本存在于 精母细胞中含量低，精子细胞中含量丰富。尽管未 精子细胞所需的，这种G3 PD似乎适应独特的代谢 精子的需求。这些和其他最近的研究表明， 生精细胞特异性蛋白通常是已知的体细胞蛋白的变体， 细胞蛋白和仅在生殖细胞中表达的基因产物。这 表明精子独特的结构和功能特征是 生殖细胞特异性基因表达的结果。