NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL, ANATOMICAL, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF MOOD DISORDERS

神经心理测试显示，患有情感疾病的患者 在涉及内隐记忆(启动)的测试中， Halstead类别测验与面部表情识别 与未受损的言语情感识别任务形成对比。神经学 这些缺陷的根源正在被各种不同的人系统地探索 的技术，包括使用O15血球对患者进行测试的计划 正电子发射计算机断层扫描方法学研究。CAT扫描研究显示VBR增加 在与病程无关的情感性障碍患者中， 但与年龄、皮质醇高分泌指标呈正相关，以及 霍尔斯特德分类测验中的损害。我们最新的核磁共振研究 提示情感性疾病患者右颞叶面积缩小 受试者与对照组进行比较。前额叶代谢不足的证据是 原发性情感性精神障碍患者的正电子发射计算机断层扫描 以及与癫痫相关的抑郁症。颞叶和顶叶 变化也很明显。普鲁卡因激活研究显示 具有一系列情感变化的精神感觉症状的变化。 躁郁症患者似乎特别容易出现愉悦的反应，而 烦躁不安的反应与快速激活的程度有关 颞叶结构的脑电。普鲁卡因测试将在#年继续进行。 服用和停用卡马西平的患者以及吸食可卡因的患者 没有恐慌症发作的历史。

Neuropsychological testing has revealed that affectively ill patients have impaired performance on tests involving implicit memory (priming), the Halstead Category Test, and recognition of facial emotional expression in contrast with unimpaired verbal emotion recognition tasks. The neural substrates of these deficits are systematically being explored by a variety of techniques including plans for testing patients utilizing O15 blood blow studies with PET methodology. CAT scan studies have revealed increased VBR in patients with affective disorders unrelated to the course of illness, but positively related to age, measures of cortisol hypersecretion, and impairment on the Halstead Category Test. Our recent studies with MRI suggest decreased area of the right temporal lobe in affectively ill subjects compared with controls. Evidence of frontal hypometabolism is revealed on PET scan studies in patients with primary affective disorders as well as depression associated with epilepsy. Temporal and parietal alterations are also evident. Procaine-activation studies reveal marked alterations in psychosensory symptoms with a range of affective changes. Bipolar patients appear particularly prone to euphoric responses, while dysphoric responses occur in relationship to degree of fast activation in the EEG of temporal lobe structures. Procaine tests will be continued in patients on and off carbamazepine as well as in cocaine abusers with and without histories of panic attacks.