GCRF Inclusive societies: How to link industrial and social innovation for inclusive development: lessons from tackling cancer care in Africa

包容所有公民的经济发展需要在工业政策和社会政策之间建立适当和可持续的联系。一个包容性的卫生部门可以培养健康和受过教育的工作人口;工业创新和投资可以产生普及保健所必需的低成本商品和服务。然而，这种将社会包容与工业化联系起来的有益互动必须在地方一级积极建立：这是一个要求很高的过程，需要在工业、贸易和社会政策的不同领域集中决策，确定通过普及具有工业可行性的保健实现公平增长的途径。这项研究旨在通过解决目前的趋势可能会积极产生不平等的“困难情况”，在低收入和中等收入东非的实际条件下展示“如何做到这一点”：获得癌症护理。癌症是撒哈拉以南非洲地区一个新出现的健康危机：疾病负担急剧上升，诊断非常差，需要目前昂贵的药物和设备，但无法广泛获得，因此许多人因无力支付而无法接受治疗。然而，创新技术和非专利药品提供了降低保健成本的潜力：其中许多是在印度开发的，印度拥有强大的制药业，并有低成本生产卫生部门投入的记录。此外，一些非洲国家的制药业正在积极向更复杂的技术升级。在东非，许多工业生产和创新与印度工业伙伴和供应商，包括印非合资企业建立了牢固的网络。这项研究汇集了来自东非，印度和英国的专家跨学科团队，研究将工业生产和医疗保健创新联系起来的范围，以增加肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚低成本癌症护理的可及性，包括疾病的预防，诊断，治疗和管理。该研究小组的目标是跨越公共/私营，工业/卫生和印度/非洲的边界，以产生和评估一系列癌症的低成本预防，诊断，治疗和管理的一些方案;以及进一步创新和非洲相关技术的工业生产的范围。这些方案将汇集工业和卫生保健方面的具体创新，并将与主要利益攸关方进行互动式开发、评估和辩论，以最大限度地扩大对改善东非癌症护理和工业发展机会的影响范围。我们还希望印度能够从将工业创新与医疗保健需求和获取联系起来的新想法中受益。研究人员将从一开始就积极与印度和东非的卫生和工业政策制定者，制造商和监管机构合作。东非小组包括临床专业知识和卫生经济学、流行病学、卫生系统、工业发展和创新方面的专业知识;印度小组由一名印度工业与卫生联系方面的专家领导，包括卫生和工业专业知识;联合王国小组在创新和技术管理、情景构建和评估以及非洲的卫生与工业联系方面拥有丰富的专业知识。该团队建立在团队成员之间大量的过去研究合作的基础上，并在获得制造商的合作方面拥有长期的网络和能力;我们聘请了一个著名的国际顾问小组来指导研究和传播。

Economic development that is inclusive of all its citizens requires appropriate and sustainable links between industrial and social policies. An inclusive health sector can produce a healthy and educated working population; industrial innovation and investment can generate the low cost commodities and services essential for universally accessible health care. However such beneficial interactions, linking social inclusion to industrialisation, have to be actively built at local level: a demanding process of centring decisions within the different domains of industrial, trade and social policies on identifying routes to equitable growth via universal access to care with industrial viability. This research aims to demonstrate "how to do it" in practical terms in low and middle income East Africa by tackling a "hard case" where current trends may actively generate inequality unless countered: access to cancer care. Cancer is an emerging health crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa: a sharply rising disease burden, very poorly diagnosed, that requires currently expensive medication and equipment not widely available, so that many go without treatment because of inability to pay. However, innovative technologies, and off-patent medicines offer potential for lower cost care: many of these are being developed in India, a country with a strong pharmaceutical industry and a track record of low cost production of health sector inputs. Furthermore, a number of African countries have a pharmaceutical industry that is actively upgrading to more complex technologies. In East Africa, much industrial production and innovation is strongly networked with Indian industrial partners and suppliers, including India-Africa joint ventures. This research brings together an expert cross-disciplinary team from East Africa, India and the UK to research the scope for linking innovation in industrial production and in health care to increase the accessibility of low cost cancer care, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of disease, in Kenya and Tanzania. The research team aim to work across the public/private, industry/health, and India/Africa boundaries to generate and evaluate a number of scenarios for lower cost prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of a range of cancers; and the scope for further innovation and for Africa-based industrial production of relevant technologies. These scenarios will bring together specific innovations in industry and health care, and will be developed, evaluated and debated interactively with key stakeholders in order to maximise the scope for impact on improving access to cancer care, and industrial development opportunities, in the East African context. We also expect India to benefit from new ideas for linking industrial innovation to health care need and access.Researchers will work actively from the start with health and industrial policy makers, manufacturers and regulators in India, East Africa. The East African team includes clinical expertise and expertise in health economics, epidemiology, health systems, industrial development and innovation; the Indian team is led by an expert in industrial-health linkages in the Indian context and includes health and industrial expertise; the UK team has strong expertise in innovation and technology management and scenario building and evaluation, as well as health-industrial linkages in African contexts. The team is built on substantial past research collaborations among team members and has long standing networks and competence in accessing collaboration from manufacturers; we have recruited an eminent international advisory panel to guide the research and dissemination.