Do neighbourhoods matter? Country- cluster- and individual effects on attitudes towards intimate partner violence in low- and middle-income countries

街区重要吗？

• 批准号: ES/S00548X/1
• 负责人: LynnMarie Sardinha
• 金额: $ 55.16万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS00548X%2F1
• 关键词: Do; neighbourhoods; matter; Country; cluster

The study will address significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of women's and men's attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women (IPV) at the neighbourhood-level in 54 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) across Central-, East- and South Asia, the Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and North- and Sub-Saharan Africa. The study builds on the lead investigator's recent research [ES/L009811/1] and will inform evidence-based prevention in 3 original areas: 1) Geographical patterning and spatial analyses of neighbourhood attitudes amongst women and men in LMICs2) Identifying the social, economic and political influences on IPV attitudes across neighbourhoods, regions and countries.3) Impact of legislation and mediating effects of socio-economic and political factors like on IPV attitudes. Attitudes justifying IPV is the strongest predictor of IPV perpetration/victimisation. There is growing recognition of country-level social, political and economic influences on societal acceptability of IPV. Our recent multi-country study on IPV attitudes at country- and individual-levels, other emergent research and evidence from community-based organisations highlight the urgent need for research into the impact of local contexts, that is, neighbourhoods, on the acceptance of IPV. The impact of neighbourhood features such as poverty, access to education and educational attainment, paid employment, women's political participation, and rural/urban residence on IPV justification has been understudied. This would be the first study in LMICs across geographical regions to examine neighbourhood risk factors of IPV acceptance amongst women and men within and across national and cross-national environments. It would provide much-needed data for strategic development of local, national and international prevention programming.The influence of IPV legislation on attitudes is complex and little understood. Whilst over 140 countries currently have explicit laws on IPV, prevalence of IPV and its acceptance remains widespread. We will tease out how key socio-economic and political factors like education, media access, and political conflict may mediate the impact of legislation on IPV acceptability.The study will use nationally-representative, internationally comparable household surveys with individual-, neighbourhood, regional- and country-level data on both women's and men's IPV attitudes; and a meta-database constructed by the project's lead investigator using high quality topic-specific and UN databases on countries' social and economic development. This will be the first study using spatial and mapping techniques in LMICs to highlight neighbourhood patterns in women's and men's attitudes to IPV and the 'hotspots' of high IPV acceptance. Cutting-edge multilevel statistical analyses will help identify the contribution of individual, neighbourhood, regional and national socio-economic and political factors to IPV acceptance levels.The research team is uniquely placed to carry out the project with expertise in IPV attitudinal and primary prevention research, intimate knowledge of and extensive experience in using the Demographic and Health Surveys and relevant country-level datasets, and expertise in the proposed analytical techniques. Building on a robust and unique meta-database of quality-checked and harmonised country-level indicators constructed by the lead investigator the proposed project will contribute considerable added value without incurring excessive costs. The project's multidisciplinary Advisory Group of internationally renowned experts in IPV research informed the development of this project and will continue to input on study design, analyses and interpretation of findings. They will facilitate dissemination and impact activities through their organisations, country and regional offices, collaborating community-based organisations, and their leverage with national governments.

这项研究将解决我们在中亚、东亚和南亚、太平洋、欧洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比以及北非和撒哈拉以南非洲的54个中低收入国家中，在了解妇女和男子对邻里一级亲密伴侣暴力侵害妇女行为的态度方面存在的重大知识差距。该研究建立在首席研究员的最新研究[ES/L009811/1]的基础上，并将为3个原始领域的循证预防提供信息：（1）低收入和中等收入国家妇女和男子对邻里态度的地理模式和空间分析;（2）查明社会、经济和政治对各邻里对IPV态度的影响，3）立法的影响以及社会经济和政治因素对IPV态度的中介作用。证明IPV合理性的态度是IPV实施/受害的最强预测因素。人们日益认识到国家一级的社会、政治和经济影响对IPV的社会接受程度的影响。我们最近在国家和个人层面对IPV态度的多国研究，其他新兴的研究和基于社区的组织的证据强调了迫切需要研究当地环境的影响，即社区对IPV的接受。邻里功能的影响，如贫困，获得教育和教育程度，有偿就业，妇女的政治参与，和农村/城市居住对IPV的理由已经研究不足。这将是第一次在跨地理区域的LMIC中进行研究，以检查国家和跨国环境中妇女和男子接受IPV的邻里风险因素。它将为地方、国家和国际预防方案的战略发展提供急需的数据。虽然目前有140多个国家有关于IPV的明确法律，但IPV的流行和接受仍然很普遍。我们将梳理出关键的社会经济和政治因素，如教育，媒体访问和政治冲突可能调解立法对IPV接受度的影响，这项研究将使用具有国家代表性的，国际可比的家庭调查，个人，邻里，区域和国家一级的数据，对妇女和男子的IPV态度;以及一个由项目首席研究员利用高质量的特定主题数据库和联合国关于各国社会和经济发展的数据库构建的元数据库。这将是第一个研究使用空间和绘图技术在LMICs突出邻里模式的妇女和男子的态度IPV和“热点”的高IPV的接受。尖端的多层次统计分析将有助于确定个人、邻里、区域和国家社会经济和政治因素对IPV接受水平的贡献。研究小组在IPV态度和初级预防研究方面具有独特的专业知识，在使用人口与健康调查和相关国家级数据集方面具有丰富的知识和经验，以及拟议分析技术方面的专门知识。拟议的项目以牵头调查员建立的经过质量检查和统一的国家一级指标的强大和独特的元数据库为基础，将在不产生过多费用的情况下提供可观的附加值。该项目的多学科咨询小组由国际知名的IPV研究专家组成，为该项目的发展提供了信息，并将继续为研究设计、分析和解释结果提供投入。它们将通过其组织、国家和区域办事处、合作的社区组织及其对国家政府的影响力，促进传播和影响活动。