'The Crime-Terror Nexus: Investigating the overlap between criminal and extremist practices, narratives and networks in Tripoli, Lebanon

“犯罪与恐怖的联系:调查黎巴嫩的黎波里犯罪和极端主义做法、叙述和网络之间的重叠

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    ES/S009019/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 46.57万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2019 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

THE RELEVANCE OF OUR RESEARCHTripoli, Lebanon's second city, has over the past eight years witnessed a significant increase in levels of violence. This mainly stems from the progressive merger of criminal and terrorist milieux, practices and narratives and their growing embeddedness in the marginalized districts of Qobbe, Bab al-Tebbaneh and Mankoubin. Indeed, there is a 'neighbourhood effect' at work: preliminary data we collected from the Lebanese Interior Ministry shows that out of 152 Tripolitans arrested for terrorism-related charges in 2016 and 2017 over two-thirds hailed from one of these three districts, and that the overwhelming majority were, or had been, involved in criminal activities. This phenomenon of Islamo-gangsterism is far from unique to Tripoli - scholars and security practitioners have in fact demonstrated that between a quarter and a half of all convicted jihadis in Europe have a criminal background and hail from the marginalized neighbourhoods of large cities. The prevalence and overlap of criminal and terrorist networks in Manchester's Moss Side or Brussels' Molenbeek are a case in point of how Islamo-gangsterism can become rooted in certain sociopolitical, spatial and historical contexts. There is an urgent need to study why and how TNOC becomes rooted in deprived urban communities and increasingly intersects with terrorism, and we are using Tripoli as an example of how to address this. THE RESEARCH QUESTIONWhat are the underlying factors and processes that explain how spaces such as Tripoli's Qobbe, Bab al-Tebbaneh and Mankoubin as well as, more generally, the deprived neighbourhoods of large cities (1) become the privileged milieus of TNOC and (2) turn into safe territories for crime-terror interaction?OUR RESEARCH METHODSAnswering this question demands data on the sociopolitical, spatial and historical dimensions of TNOC's genesis, embeddedness and interaction with extremist networks in Tripolitan neighbourhoods. We will collect this by using a rigorous mixed methods research design that involves undertaking archival research, data collection, a survey of residents and qualitative interviews. (1) Archival research: we will investigate the history of crime-terror interaction in Tripoli by retracing the rise and fall of two revolutionary groups which epitomized early forms of this phenomenon - the Organization of Anger and the Movement of the Wanted - by exploring the archives of Lebanese and Tripolitan newspapers.(2) Data collection: we will retrieve and analyse data on terrorist and criminal convicts, as well as on Tripoli's deprived districts, from the Lebanese Interior Ministry.(3) Survey of residents: we will explore the spatial and sociopolitical dimension of crime-terror interaction by conducting a survey of 150 residents in each of the three aforementioned districts in order to ascertain the nature and extent of local perceptions of criminal and extremist milieux, practices and narratives. (4) Qualitative interviews: we will interview twenty well-placed observers of the crime-terror nexus in Tripoli in order to obtain additional insights and shed light on this phenomenon.Our project uses an interpretative lens that draws upon urban sociology, contentious politics and cultural anthropology to grasp how neighbourhood dynamics, a history of dissent as well as the prevalence of narratives emphasizing humiliation and rebellion, can intersect with criminal and extremist practices.ENGAGEMENT WITH STAKEHOLDERSOur project relies on sustained engagement with non-academic stakeholders at each stage of the process in order to achieve two goals: (1) to allow us to continuously reflect on whether and how findings derived from Tripoli can be applicable elsewhere (members of advisory board: Ch Supt John Denley and Antonio Sampaio) and; (2) to enhance the dissemination and outreach of our output (project partners: March, Berghof Foundation and Carnegie MEC).
我们研究的意义的黎波里,黎巴嫩的第二大城市,在过去的八年里目睹了暴力水平的显著上升。这主要是因为犯罪和恐怖主义的环境、做法和说法逐渐融合,而且在Qobbe、Bab al-Tebbaneh和Mankoubin等边缘化地区日益根深蒂固。事实上,“邻里效应”在起作用:我们从黎巴嫩内政部收集的初步数据显示,在2016年和2017年因恐怖主义相关指控被捕的152名的黎波里人中,超过三分之二来自这三个地区之一,绝大多数人都参与或曾经参与犯罪活动。这种伊斯兰帮派主义的现象远非的黎波里独有--学者和安全从业人员事实上已经证明,欧洲所有被定罪的圣战分子中有四分之一到一半有犯罪背景,来自大城市的边缘化社区。犯罪和恐怖主义网络在曼彻斯特的莫斯赛德或布鲁塞尔的莫伦贝克的普遍存在和重叠是一个例子,说明伊斯兰帮派主义如何植根于某些社会政治、空间和历史背景。迫切需要研究TNOC为什么以及如何扎根于贫困的城市社区,并越来越多地与恐怖主义交叉,我们正在以的黎波里为例,说明如何解决这一问题。研究问题什么是潜在的因素和过程,解释如何空间,如的黎波里的Qobbe,Bab al-Tebbaneh和Mankoubin,以及更普遍的,大城市的贫困社区(1)成为TNOC的特权环境和(2)成为犯罪-恐怖互动的安全领土?我们的研究方法提出这个问题需要关于TNOC的起源,嵌入和与的黎波里社区极端主义网络互动的社会政治,空间和历史维度的数据。我们将通过使用严格的混合方法研究设计来收集这些数据,包括进行档案研究,数据收集,居民调查和定性访谈。(1)档案研究:我们将通过追溯两个革命团体的兴起和衰落来调查的黎波里犯罪与恐怖互动的历史,这两个革命团体是这种现象的早期形式的缩影-愤怒组织和通缉犯运动-通过探索黎巴嫩和的黎波里报纸的档案。(2)数据收集:我们将从黎巴嫩内政部检索和分析有关恐怖分子和罪犯以及的黎波里贫困地区的数据。(3)居民调查:我们将对上述三个地区的150名居民进行调查,以确定当地对犯罪和极端主义环境、做法和言论的看法的性质和程度,从而探讨犯罪与恐怖活动相互作用的空间和社会政治层面。(4)定性访谈:我们将采访20位的黎波里犯罪-恐怖关系的资深观察者,以获得更多的见解,并阐明这一现象。我们的项目使用一个解释性的透镜,借鉴城市社会学,有争议的政治学和文化人类学,以把握邻里动态,异议的历史以及强调羞辱和叛乱的叙事的流行,与利益相关者的接触我们的项目依赖于在过程的每个阶段与非学术利益相关者的持续接触,以实现两个目标:(1)使我们能够不断反思在的黎波里得出的结论是否以及如何适用于其他地方(顾问委员会成员:总监督John Denley和Antonio Sampaio);(2)加强我们的成果的传播和推广(项目合作伙伴:March、Berghof基金会和卡内基MEC)。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Playing With Reality: Denying, Manipulating, Converting and Enhancing What isThere
玩弄现实:否认、操纵、转换和增强现有的东西
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Caroline Rooney
  • 通讯作者:
    Caroline Rooney
Jihad in the City: Militant Islam and Contentious Politics in Tripoli
城市中的圣战:的黎波里的激进伊斯兰教和有争议的政治
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Lefevre
  • 通讯作者:
    Lefevre
Creative Radicalism in the Middle East: Culture and the Arab Left after the Uprisings
中东的创造性激进主义:起义后的文化和阿拉伯左派
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2020
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Rooney Professor Caroline
  • 通讯作者:
    Rooney Professor Caroline
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Raphaël Lefèvre其他文献

Tunisia: a fragile political transition
突尼斯:脆弱的政治过渡

Raphaël Lefèvre的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Raphaël Lefèvre', 18)}}的其他基金

'The Crime-Terror Nexus: Investigating the overlap between criminal and extremist practices, narratives and networks in Tripoli, Lebanon
“犯罪与恐怖的联系:调查黎巴嫩的黎波里犯罪和极端主义做法、叙述和网络之间的重叠
  • 批准号:
    ES/S009019/2
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 46.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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