Getting on with it: understanding the Micro-Dynamics of Post-Accord Intergroup Social Relations

继续下去：理解后协议后群体间社会关系的微观动态

• 批准号: ES/V013432/1
• 负责人: Roddy Brett
• 金额: $ 94.2万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV013432%2F1
• 关键词: Getting; understanding; Micro; Dynamics; Post

Approximately 2 billion people live in regions plagued by violent conflict (World Bank 2017); within a decade, half the global population will live in countries affected by violence and instability. A key factor shaping global insecurity is that the conventional means for bringing an end to armed conflict do not deliver sustainable peace: around 50% of peace settlements collapse within 10 years. Even when peace holds, its quality is often poor. Recidivism and poor-quality peace represent significant global security concerns, as pervasive post-accord political/criminal violence, poverty and exclusion continue to blight the lives of people living in fragile societies. Peace tends to reach conflict-affected communities slowly, if at all, and ordinary people must get on with living, providing for their families where jobs and state/government support are often absent. They must navigate complex, often traumatic relations between neighbours/authorities, where mutual distrust and discrimination and the legacies of war mean that people experience the present and imagine the future through the societal cleavages and violent memories of the past.This research aims to understand how civilians face the challenges of failed/failing peace and how they navigate the causes, consequences and legacy of intergroup political violence when formal, top-down interventions do not reach them (RQ1). The project will create innovative original empirical and theoretical data and develop the concept of the Micro-Dynamics of Post-Conflict Intergroup Relations, describing the everyday tactical agency, mechanisms and narratives that individuals, communities and groups employ in order to cope with the legacy of political violence and learn to co-exist with or challenge their former 'enemies' (RQ2). The research will evaluate whether and, if so, how ordinary people play a role in sustaining peace when formal interventions do not reach them, or, if they do, generate limited effect (RQ3). Employing a cutting-edge participatory, co-production methodology of qualitative and quantitative methods, such as embedded ethnography, life histories, map-making, walking, photography, Nvivo, the project will develop a systematic evidence base of everyday tactics and strategies and the factors that shape civilians' ability to craft them. The project explores how factors such as inequality, economic/political exclusion and criminal/political violence affect civilian capacity to levy everyday micro-practices and their subsequent influence upon peacebuilding, intergroup coexistence and reconciliation. Given our focus upon local knowledge and everyday tactics/strategies, 3 country Partners and community stakeholders will participate from the outset through planned and costed activities and strategies to develop a robust theoretical model informed by stakeholders themselves. This model will advance theoretical insights by developing innovative concepts, such as post-accord civilian social entrepreneurship and individual and intergroup micro-social contracts, significantly advancing scholarship and leading to academic impact. Through Knowledge Exchange (KE) with funded direct Partners and wider networks of policymakers and scholars, we will contribute substantially to policy/practitioner knowledge of the factors shaping the stability of political settlements, the likelihood of recidivism and the quality of peace. Working with Partners, PolicyBristol and Durham Policy Hub, we will organise learning events, disseminating evidence-based knowledge of how local actors can sustain or challenge peace from below. We thus expect to facilitate considerable economic/societal impact through KE and lessons learned with peacebuilding/development practitioners. As an integrated whole then, the research will yield academic and economic/societal impact, ultimately reframing key debates, strengthening local capacities, building policy-relevant conceptual models and shaping policy and practice

约有20亿人生活在受暴力冲突困扰的地区（世界银行2017年）；十年之内，全球一半的人口将生活在受暴力和不稳定影响的国家。造成全球不安全的一个关键因素是，结束武装冲突的传统手段无法实现可持续和平：约50%的和平解决方案在10年内崩溃。即使维持和平，其质量也往往很差。累犯和低质量的和平是严重的全球安全问题，因为普遍存在的协议后政治/犯罪暴力、贫困和排斥继续破坏生活在脆弱社会中的人们的生活。受冲突影响的社区即使能获得和平，也往往进展缓慢。在缺乏工作和国家/政府支持的情况下，普通人必须继续生活，养活家人。他们必须处理邻居/当局之间复杂的、往往是创伤性的关系，相互不信任和歧视以及战争的遗产意味着人们通过社会分裂和过去的暴力记忆来体验现在和想象未来。本研究旨在了解平民如何面对失败/失败的和平的挑战，以及当正式的，自上而下的干预措施无法达到他们时，他们如何驾驭群体间政治暴力的原因，后果和遗产（RQ1）。该项目将创造创新的原始经验和理论数据，并发展冲突后群体间关系的微观动力学概念，描述个人、社区和群体为应对政治暴力遗留问题而采用的日常战术代理、机制和叙述，并学会与他们以前的“敌人”共存或挑战（RQ2）。这项研究将评估在正式干预无法触及普通人的情况下，普通人在维持和平方面是否发挥了作用，如果发挥了作用，他们又如何发挥作用（RQ3）。该项目采用尖端的参与式、合作制作的定性和定量方法，如嵌入式民族志、生活史、地图制作、步行、摄影、Nvivo等，将建立一个系统的证据基础，研究日常战术和战略以及影响平民制定这些战术和战略能力的因素。该项目探讨不平等、经济/政治排斥和犯罪/政治暴力等因素如何影响平民采取日常微观做法的能力及其对建设和平、群体间共存与和解的后续影响。鉴于我们注重当地知识和日常战术/战略，3个国家合作伙伴和社区利益攸关方将从一开始就参与进来，通过计划和成本计算的活动和战略，建立一个由利益攸关方自己知情的强大理论模型。该模型将通过发展创新概念（如协议后的民间社会企业家精神以及个人和群体间微观社会契约）来推进理论见解，从而显著推进学术研究并产生学术影响。通过与资助的直接合作伙伴以及更广泛的政策制定者和学者网络的知识交流，我们将为政策/从业者提供有关影响政治解决方案稳定性、再犯可能性和和平质量的因素的大量知识。我们将与合作伙伴、政策布里斯托尔和达勒姆政策中心合作，组织学习活动，传播基于证据的知识，了解当地行动者如何从底层维持或挑战和平。因此，我们期望通过KE和从建设和平/发展实践者那里吸取的经验教训促进相当大的经济/社会影响。因此，作为一个综合整体，这项研究将产生学术和经济/社会影响，最终重新组织关键辩论，加强地方能力，建立与政策相关的概念模型，并形成政策和实践