SALIENT (food System triALs for Impact on Environment, Nutrition and healTh)

英国的食品体系既不够健康，也不够可持续。在英国，不良饮食是导致死亡和健康状况不佳的第二大原因。该国食品银行的数量正在增加，但更便宜的食品往往能量密度更高，营养价值更低，可持续性更差。富裕家庭和贫穷家庭中与饮食有关的疾病之间的差距正在扩大。英国约五分之一的温室气体排放来自食品消费，工业化农业正在减少生物多样性。英国政府委托制定了一项国家食品战略，以规划健康、可持续的食品供应和消费路线。2021年的报告描述了英国是如何陷入垃圾食品循环的，这确保了不健康、不可持续的食品的生产和消费成本更低。为了打破这种循环，我们需要采取行动，推动人们养成更健康、更可持续的食品购买行为。这些行动需要改变我们做出食品购买决策的空间，使健康、可持续的食品成为所有人更容易的选择。突出项目将与公众、政策制定者和粮食系统合作伙伴合作，设计可增加健康、可持续食品采购的工具和行动。然后，我们将测试这对现实生活中的食品购买环境有什么影响。这不仅会让我们了解什么是有效的，还会让我们了解它是如何以及为什么有效的。对于突出项目，我们将在三个涉及英国大多数食品购买决策的环境中工作：零售，餐饮和社区支持（例如食品银行和地方当局的帮助）。在突出问题的共同设计阶段，我们将确定我们将在项目交付阶段研究的干预措施。我们将对证据进行审查，以发现在不同情况下哪种干预措施可能最有效地改变购买行为。我们将利用这一证据审查来制定一份可能的干预措施清单，这些干预措施在三个标准的基础上得到了优先考虑：它们在改变行为方面的有效性；他们在人群中的影响力有多大；以及它们对健康、可持续性和不平等可能产生的影响。我们将与两个公众小组举行讲习班，就我们的优先干预措施清单获得反馈。我们将探讨公众支持哪些干预措施及其原因，并学习如何提供干预措施以增加其可能的影响的经验教训。我们还将与相关政府部门的政策制定者小组合作，让他们了解我们的优先干预措施。我们有一个现有的食品系统合作伙伴网络，我们将在共同设计阶段与他们合作。其中包括在零售、餐饮和社区支持部门工作的大型和小型组织。我们将通过与政策制定者小组联络，扩大这一合作伙伴网络。然后，我们将轮流与我们的粮食系统合作伙伴举行两次研讨会。第一个研讨会将侧重于干预措施的设计，第二个研讨会将侧重于评估实际食品环境中干预措施的计划。我们的评估将对每个环境使用最严格的设计。研讨会结束后，突出项目团队将举行为期两天的会议，为交付阶段准备我们的学习计划。本次会议的目的是确定一套连贯的干预措施，以便在项目执行阶段进行研究，并为这些评价研究制定方案。

The UK food system is neither sufficiently healthy nor sustainable. Poor diet is the second-leading cause of death and ill health in the UK. The number of food banks in the country is increasing, yet cheaper food is often more energy dense, less nutritious and less sustainable. The gap between diet-related diseases in richer and poorer households is widening. UK food consumption is responsible for about one fifth of greenhouse gas emissions, and industrialised farming practices are reducing biodiversity. The UK government commissioned a National Food Strategy to plot a course towards healthy, sustainable food provision and consumption. The 2021 report described how the UK is caught in a Junk Food Cycle, which ensures that less healthy, less sustainable foods are cheaper to produce and consume. To break this cycle we need action to push people towards healthier, more sustainable food purchasing behaviour. These actions will need to change the spaces where we make food-purchasing decisions, so that healthy, sustainable foods become the easier option for all.The SALIENT project will work with the public, policymakers and food system partners to design tools and actions that can increase purchasing of healthy, sustainable foods. We will then test what impact this has in real-life food purchasing settings. This will give us an understanding not only of what works but how and why it works. For the SALIENT project, we will work in three settings that involve the majority of food purchasing decisions in the UK: retail, catering and community support (e.g. food banks and local authority help).In the co-design phase of SALIENT, we will identify the interventions that we will study during the delivery phase of the project. We will conduct a review of evidence to discover what types of intervention in different settings are likely to be most effective at changing purchasing behaviour. We will use this evidence review to develop a list of possible interventions that have been prioritised on the basis of three criteria: how effective might they be at changing behaviour; how much reach might they have in the population; and what impacts might they have on health, sustainability and inequalities.We will hold workshops with two public panels to get feedback on our prioritised list of interventions. We will explore which interventions are supported by the public and why, and learn lessons about how to deliver interventions to increase their likely impact. We will also work with a panel of policymakers from relevant government departments to get their insight into our prioritised interventions.We have an existing network of food system partners who we will work with during the co-design phase. These include both large and small organisations working in the retail, catering and community support sectors. We will add to this network of partners by liaising with the panel of policymakers. We will then hold two workshops with each of our food system partners in turn. The first workshop will be focussed on the design of interventions, and the second will focus on plans for evaluating the interventions in real-life food settings. Our evaluations will use the most rigorous design for each context.After the workshops, the SALIENT project team will hold a two-day meeting to prepare our study plans for the delivery phase. The objective of this meeting will be to identify a coherent set of interventions for study in the delivery phase of the project, and to plan protocols for these evaluation studies.