ANATOMY OF THE PRIMATE VISUAL SYSTEM

为了更好地理解视觉关联皮层在感知中的作用 和记忆，我们一直在研究多个功能区域， 包括猕猴的大脑皮层，并探索它们之间的相互联系， 神经解剖追踪技术的使用， 电生理记录 我们的研究结果表明， 视觉区（V1），或纹状体皮质，是两个不同的来源， 皮质皮质通路：一种是枕颞通路， 对物体的视觉识别;另一个，枕顶通路， 它介导了对空间关系的理解， 对象 沿着枕颞径路的视区（V1，V2，V3， V4，以及下颞叶皮层的TEO和TE区）似乎是 主要组织为一系列层次结构，其中每个区域处理 几个不同的刺激属性并行。 该途径 在整个范围内，与枕顶骨不同， 通道，其中后面的站是多感官的。 而V4区 提供了从纹状体皮质到颞叶的主要联系， 我们对视觉区MT的研究结果表明，它提供了一个主要的联系， 从纹状体皮质通过其投射进入顶叶， 上级颞沟和顶内沟的三个独立区域。 然而，机器翻译并不提供视觉信息 到达顶叶 其他潜在途径 由几个额外的视觉区域提供， 枕顶叶皮层 这些领域中的大多数都收到了代表 主要是周边视野，这大概反映了 这些输入对空间视觉的重要性。 相比之下， 颞叶V4和TEO的中央视野输入优势 lobe大概反映了这些输入对物体视觉的重要性。

To better understand the role of visual association cortex in perception and memory, we have been examining the multiple functional areas that comprise this cortex in the macaque and exploring their interconnections by the use of neuroanatomical tracing techniques in combination with electrophysiological recording. Our results indicate that the primary visual area (V1), or striate cortex, is the source of two divergent corticocortical pathways: one, an occipitotemporal pathway, which enables the visual recognition of objects; the other, an occipitoparietal pathway, which mediates the appreciation of the spatial relationships among objects. The visual areas along the occipitotemporal pathway (V1, V2, V3, V4, and areas TEO and TE of the inferior temporal cortex) appears to be organized primarily as a serial hierarchy, in which each area processes several different stimulus attributes in parallel. This pathway is modality-specific throughout its extent, unlike the occipitoparietal pathway, in which the later stations are polysensory. Whereas area V4 provides a major link forward from striate cortex into the temporal lobe, our results on visual area MT indicate that it provides a major link forward from striate cortex into the parietal lobe via its projections to three separate areas in the superior temporal and intraparietal sulci. However, MT does not provide the sole route by which visual information from striate cortex reaches the parietal lobe. Other potential pathways are provided by several additional visual areas located in occipito-parietal cortex. Most of these areas receive inputs representing predominantly the peripheral visual field, which presumably reflects the importance of such inputs for spatial vision. By contrast, the predominance of central visual field inputs to V4 and TEO in the temporal lobe presumably reflects the importance of these inputs for object vision.