ENHANCING WORKSITE CANCER PREVENTION THROUGH THE HOME

通过家庭加强工作场所癌症预防

• 批准号: 5207587
• 负责人: DAVID B ABRAMS
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/5207587
• 关键词: artificial intelligence; behavior modification; cancer prevention; cancer risk; clinical trials; computer assisted instruction; dietary fiber; dietary lipid; education evaluation /planning; employee; exercise; health behavior; home health care; human subject; human therapy evaluation; longitudinal human study; neoplasm /cancer education; nutrition related tag; occupational health /safety; self concept; smoking; ultraviolet radiation; work site

This project focuses on the next generation of cancer prevention and control efforts at the worksite. It is the culmination of our programmatic research funded continuously by NCI since 1984, the advances in theory, and the available empirical evidence. The focus is on smaller to moderate-sized worksites that are under-researched, underserved populations of blue collar and less educated workers, and the challenge of improving the public health impact in a cost-effective manner. The next generation of interventions need to be proactive, sustained, and tailored to local needs, multiple risk factor, and integrating individual and environmental change. Ultimately, the intervention must be institutionalized into the fabric of the worksite culture. This research requires scientific rigor, operational practicality and disseminability at reasonable cost. The best efforts to date in worksite health promotion have produced modest impact due to moderate efficacy and reach of interventions. To improve the impact and cost-efficiency, a home-based intervention can enhance and complement a worksite channel. An expert system allows for repeated, proactive, interactive and highly personalized (tailored) interventions that are not always possible at the worksite. This proposal will evaluate the main effects and additive effects of worksite and home-based intervention channels on multiple risk factors for cancer prevention (dietary fat, fiber, smoking, UV exposure, and exercise) in 40 worksites of moderate size recruited from a defined geographic region. The worksites are the unit of assignment and analysis for the worksite versus control evaluation. Individuals are randomly assigned within worksites to home-based or assessment control conditions. Final outcomes are measured at baseline, 12, 24 and 36 months. The worksite intervention is sustained for 24 months, allowing for an evaluation of maintenance and institutionalization at 36 months. Both individual and organizational program, process and intermediate outcome data are collected to shed light on mediating mechanisms (predisposing, enabling and intervening) based on theory-driven models and hypotheses. A sophisticated and field-tested computer tracking system serves to collect program evaluation and cost data on a prospective basis. Path analyses and process-to-outcome analyses will shed light on the mechanisms of action that produce greater versus lesser impact on defined underserved populations of workers. Results will advance the field of worksite cancer control research by evaluating the cost-effectiveness of the next generation of both worksite and home-based interventions.

该项目专注于下一代癌症预防和 控制工作现场的工作。 这是我们的巅峰 自 1984 年以来，NCI 持续资助规划性研究，进展 理论上和现有的经验证据。 重点是较小的 到研究不足、服务不足的中等规模工作场所 蓝领人口和受教育程度较低的工人，以及面临的挑战 以具有成本效益的方式改善公共卫生影响。 下一个 干预措施的产生需要积极主动、持续且有针对性 适应当地需求、多重风险因素，并整合个人和 环境变化。 最终，干预必须是 制度化到工作场所文化的结构中。 这项研究 要求科学严谨、可操作性、可传播性 合理的成本。 迄今为止在工作场所健康促进方面所做的最大努力 由于功效和影响范围中等，产生的影响不大 干预措施。 为了提高影响力和成本效率，建立了一个以家庭为基础的 干预可以增强和补充工作现场渠道。 专家 系统允许重复、主动、交互和高度个性化 （量身定制的）干预措施在工作现场并不总是可行。 该提案将评估主要效应和附加效应 针对多种危险因素的工作场所和家庭干预渠道 癌症预防（膳食脂肪、纤维、吸烟、紫外线照射和运动） 在 40 个中等规模的工作地点，从特定的地理区域招募人员 地区。 工地是分配和分析的单位 现场与控制评估。 个人被随机分配 从工作场所到家庭或评估控制条件。 最终的 结果在基线、12、24 和 36 个月时进行测量。 工地 干预持续 24 个月，以便对 36 个月时维持并入院。 无论是个人还是 组织计划、过程和中间结果数据是 收集的目的是为了阐明中介机制（诱发、促成 和干预）基于理论驱动的模型和假设。 一个 先进且经过现场测试的计算机跟踪系统用于收集 前瞻性的计划评估和成本数据。 路径分析 过程到结果的分析将揭示其机制 对服务不足的地区产生较大影响和较小影响的行动 工人人口。 结果将推动工作场所癌症领域的发展 通过评估下一步的成本效益来控制研究 产生工作场所和家庭干预措施。