POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND CELL FUNCTION

项目1涉及多不饱和脂肪酸的影响 （PUFA）及其产物对内皮和动脉平滑肌的影响 肌肉细胞功能 目的是确定脂质的作用 多不饱和脂肪酸衍生的生物介质和氧化产物 血管调节和动脉粥样硬化形成。 有五个具体目标。 目的1阐明过氧化物酶体β-氧化的功能， 花生四烯酸，以及是否存在竞争之间的不同 n-6和n-3 PUFA进入该途径。 两个的功能 由花生四烯酸通过该途径产生的产物，12：2n-6 和16：3 n-6，将被探讨，以及在何种程度上，这一点， 通路在内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞中起作用， 产生活性氧（ROS）。 目标2将审查 PUFA氧化产物的代谢， 环氧二十碳三烯酸（E2），二羟基二十碳三烯酸 （DHE）和羟基十八碳二烯酸（HODE）， 动脉细胞 用微血管和大血管处理大肠杆菌 将比较血管内皮细胞。假设这些 化合物产生ROS，从而触发LDL氧化 将受到考验，并有能力防止这一点， 将探索具有抗氧化酶基因的内皮细胞。 目的3将研究Escherichia coli和其他 氧化花生四烯酸代谢物诱导内皮细胞 激活和白细胞粘附分子的表达， 强调转录和翻译控制。 目标4将 利用膜片钳技术来检验这一假设， 肌肉中PUFA、E2或相关PUFA含量升高 氧化产物影响钾离子通道，导致 血管反应性 目的5将检验脂蛋白 脂肪酶诱导的富含磷脂酰肌醇的脂蛋白的脂解， 含有氧化脂质的脂蛋白会对 内皮细胞的功能。 这些数据将提供基本的新 深入了解PUFA和含氧PUFA 产品影响血管功能， 动脉粥样硬化及其并发症。

Project 1 deals with the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their products on endothelial and arterial smooth muscle cell function. The objective is to determine the role of lipid biomediators and oxidation products derived from PUFA in vascular regulation and atherogenesis. There are five specific aims. Aim 1 will delineate the function of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of arachidonic acid, and whether there is competition between different n-6 and n-3 PUFA for entry into this pathway. The function of two products produced from arachidonic acid by this pathway, 12:2n-6 and 16:3n-6, will be explored, as well as the extent to which this pathway operates in endothelial and smooth muscle cells and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Aim 2 will examine the metabolism of PUFA oxidation products such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs) by the arterial cells. The handling of EETs by microvessel and large vessel endothelial cells will be compared. The hypothesis that these compounds generate ROS and can thereby trigger LDL oxidation will be tested, and the ability to protect against this by transfecting endothelial cells with antioxidant enzyme genes will be explored. Aim 3 will investigate the mechanism by which EETs and other oxygenated arachidonic acid metabolites induce endothelial activation and the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules, with emphasis on transcriptional and translational control. Aim 4 will utilize patch clamping to test the hypothesis that exposure of smooth muscle to elevated amounts of PUFA, EETs, or related PUFA oxidation products affects Kplus channels, leading to changes in vascular reactivity. Aim 5 will test the hypothesis that lipoprotein lipase induced lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and lipoproteins that contain oxidized lipids can adversely affect the function of endothelial cells. These data will provide basic new insight into the mechanisms by which PUFA and oxygenated PUFA products affect vascular functions that are involved in atherosclerosis and its complications.