CEREBRO/OLIVOCEREBELLAR INTERACTIONS IN MOTOR CONTROL

描述(摘自申请人的摘要)动作的产生是一种 神经系统的基本功能。它是通过一个 过程，称为运动控制，涉及多个大脑的相互作用 地区。这一过程的结果是电机命令编码 适当的肌肉组合和它们激活的时间 执行复杂的动作序列。这一提议的实验 我将研究两个关键运动系统(运动皮质)之间的相互作用 和橄榄小脑系统)来产生这些运动指令。 橄榄小脑系统产生节律同步的能力 放电表明，它的功能是及时将不同的 参与形成复杂运动序列的肌肉群。的确，损害 下橄榄会产生运动障碍，其特征是 精确的肌肉激活时间。因此，要调查 运动控制中的运动皮质和橄榄小脑系统 运动会被运动皮质刺激和 将确定橄榄小脑活动对诱发运动的影响。这个 胡须的移动将使用光电探测器设备或 高速录像。Olivocar小脑活动将通过 浦肯野复合峰(CS)活动的多电极记录 细胞，橄榄球小脑系统的主要靶点。多电极 通过记录可以确定同步CS的空间模式 活动。第一个目标将是证明事实上有一个 这两个大脑系统之间的显著相互作用：即 同步放电在橄榄小脑系统中的作用 运动皮质在产生运动时的活动。下一个目标将是 调查橄榄球小脑活动的节律性是否允许 它起到了内部时钟的作用，及时组织电机输出。 第三个目标是确定大脑的主要部位 这些系统之间会发生相互作用。最后，关于是否 橄榄小脑同步放电模式的变化 系统导致不同肌肉的耦合模式发生变化 将会得到解决。总而言之，这些实验应该有助于确定角色 橄榄小脑系统在运动控制中的作用及其原因 小脑损伤会导致运动协调障碍。他们就这样 代表着朝着更广泛的理解目标迈出的一步 运动控制中的大脑-小脑相互作用。

DESCRIPTION (from applicant's abstract) The generation of movements is a fundamental function of the nervous system. It is accomplished by a process, termed motor control, involving the interaction of multiple brain regions. The result of this process is motor commands that encode the appropriate muscle combinations and the timing of their activation for carrying out complex movement sequences. The experiments of this proposal will investigate the interaction of two key motor systems (the motor cortex and the olivocerebellar system) in the generation of these motor commands. The ability of the olivocerebellar system to generate rhythmic synchronous discharges suggests that its function is to bind in time the different muscle groups involved in making complex movement sequences. Indeed, damage to the inferior olive produces motor deficits characterized by the loss of precisely timed muscle activation. Thus, to investigate the interaction of the motor cortex and olivocerebellar system in motor control, whisker movements will be evoked by motor cortex stimuli and the influence of olivocerebellar activity on the evoked movements will be determined. The whisker movements will be recorded using either a photodetector device or high speed video taping. Olivocerebellar activity will be monitored with multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity from Purkinje cells, the main target of the olivocerebellar system. Multiple electrode recordings allow determination of the spatial patterns of synchronous CS activity. The first goal will be to demonstrate that there is in fact a significant interaction between these two brain systems: that is that synchronous discharges in the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy of motor cortex activity in producing movement. The next goal will be to investigate whether the rhythmic nature of olivocerebellar activity allows it to function as an internal clock for organizing motor outputs in time. The third goal will be to determine the major brain sites where the interactions between these systems occur. Finally, the question of whether changes in the patterns of synchronous discharge of the olivocerebellar system result in changes in the pattern of coupling of different muscles will be addressed. In sum, these experiments should help to define the role of the olivocerebellar system in motor control as well as the reasons why cerebellar damage results in motor coordination deficits. They thus represent a step toward the more general goal of understanding cerebro-cerebellar interactions in motor control.