CEREBRO/OLIVOCEREBELLAR INTERACTIONS IN MOTOR CONTROL

运动的产生是一种运动的产生。 神经系统的基本功能。 它是由一个 过程，称为运动控制，涉及多个大脑的相互作用 地区 这一过程的结果是电机指令， 适当的肌肉组合和他们的激活时间， 完成复杂的动作序列。 该提案的实验 我将研究两个关键的运动系统（运动皮层）之间的相互作用 和橄榄小脑系统）在这些运动指令的产生中。 橄榄小脑系统产生节律性同步的能力 放电表明，其功能是及时结合不同的 参与复杂动作序列的肌肉群。 事实上，损害 下橄榄产生运动缺陷的特点是损失 精确定时的肌肉激活 因此，为了研究 运动皮层和橄榄小脑系统在运动控制中的作用， 运动将由运动皮层刺激引起， 将确定对诱发运动的橄榄小脑活动。 的 须的运动将使用光电探测器装置记录， 高速录像 将用以下方法监测橄榄小脑活动 浦肯野复合峰电位（CS）活动的多电极记录 细胞，橄榄小脑系统的主要目标。 多个电极 记录允许确定同步CS的空间模式 活动 第一个目标是证明事实上有一个 这两个大脑系统之间的重要相互作用： 橄榄小脑系统中的同步放电门的功效 产生运动的运动皮层活动。 下一个目标是 研究橄榄小脑活动的节律性是否允许 它的功能就像一个内部时钟，用于及时组织运动输出。 第三个目标将是确定大脑的主要部位， 这些系统之间的相互作用。 最后，关于是否 橄榄小脑同步放电模式的变化 系统导致不同肌肉耦合模式的变化 将得到解决。 总之，这些实验应该有助于确定 橄榄体小脑系统在运动控制中的作用以及原因 小脑损伤导致运动协调缺陷。 使全党 代表着向更普遍的理解目标迈进了一步 运动控制中的小脑-小脑相互作用。

DESCRIPTION (from applicant's abstract) The generation of movements is a fundamental function of the nervous system. It is accomplished by a process, termed motor control, involving the interaction of multiple brain regions. The result of this process is motor commands that encode the appropriate muscle combinations and the timing of their activation for carrying out complex movement sequences. The experiments of this proposal will investigate the interaction of two key motor systems (the motor cortex and the olivocerebellar system) in the generation of these motor commands. The ability of the olivocerebellar system to generate rhythmic synchronous discharges suggests that its function is to bind in time the different muscle groups involved in making complex movement sequences. Indeed, damage to the inferior olive produces motor deficits characterized by the loss of precisely timed muscle activation. Thus, to investigate the interaction of the motor cortex and olivocerebellar system in motor control, whisker movements will be evoked by motor cortex stimuli and the influence of olivocerebellar activity on the evoked movements will be determined. The whisker movements will be recorded using either a photodetector device or high speed video taping. Olivocerebellar activity will be monitored with multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity from Purkinje cells, the main target of the olivocerebellar system. Multiple electrode recordings allow determination of the spatial patterns of synchronous CS activity. The first goal will be to demonstrate that there is in fact a significant interaction between these two brain systems: that is that synchronous discharges in the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy of motor cortex activity in producing movement. The next goal will be to investigate whether the rhythmic nature of olivocerebellar activity allows it to function as an internal clock for organizing motor outputs in time. The third goal will be to determine the major brain sites where the interactions between these systems occur. Finally, the question of whether changes in the patterns of synchronous discharge of the olivocerebellar system result in changes in the pattern of coupling of different muscles will be addressed. In sum, these experiments should help to define the role of the olivocerebellar system in motor control as well as the reasons why cerebellar damage results in motor coordination deficits. They thus represent a step toward the more general goal of understanding cerebro-cerebellar interactions in motor control.