Cerebro-Olivocerebellar Interactions in Motor Control

描述：（申请人提供） 运动的产生是神经系统的基本功能。它 是通过一个过程完成的，称为运动控制，涉及相互作用， 多个脑区的大脑。这个过程的结果是电机命令， 编码适当的肌肉组合和它们激活的时间 用于执行复杂的运动序列。该提案的实验 将研究两个关键的运动系统（运动皮层和 橄榄小脑系统）在产生这些运动指令中的作用。的 橄榄小脑系统产生节律性同步的能力 放电表明其功能是及时结合不同的肌肉 参与制作复杂动作序列的群体。事实上， 下橄榄产生运动缺陷，其特征在于精确的 定时肌肉激活为了研究运动皮层和 橄榄小脑系统在运动控制胡须运动将引起 运动皮层刺激，以及橄榄小脑活动对 将确定诱发的运动。胡须的运动将被记录下来 使用高速录像系统。将监测橄榄小脑活动 用多个电极记录浦肯野氏复合峰电位（CS）活动 细胞，橄榄小脑系统的主要目标。多个电极 记录允许确定同步CS的空间模式 活动第一个目标将是研究CS如何对运动 皮层活动是由下皮层的振荡特性决定的， 橄榄核神经元第二个目标将是检验假设， 橄榄小脑系统的周期性同步放电门的功效皮层活动是由振荡性质的下 橄榄核神经元第二个目标将是检验假设， 橄榄小脑系统的周期性同步放电 运动皮层的活动来产生运动。也就是说，为了验证这个想法， 橄榄小脑活动的节律性使其能够作为一种 用于及时组织电机输出的内部时钟。第三个目标是 确定这些系统之间相互作用的主要大脑部位 发生.最后一个问题是， 橄榄小脑系统的放电导致 将解决不同肌肉的耦合。总之，这些实验 应该有助于定义橄榄小脑系统在运动控制中的作用， 以及小脑损伤导致运动协调的原因 赤字它们代表着向更普遍的理解目标迈进了一步 运动控制中的小脑-小脑相互作用。

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) The generation of movements is a fundamental function of the nervous system. It is accomplished by a process, termed motor control, involving the interaction of multiple brain regions. The result of this process is motor commands that encode the appropriate muscle combinations and the timing of their activation for carrying out complex movement sequences. The experiments of this proposal will investigate the interaction of two key motor systems (the motor cortex and the olivocerebellar system) in the generation of these motor commands. The ability of the olivocerebellar system to generate rhythmic synchronous discharges suggests that its function is to bind in time the different muscle groups involved in making complex movement sequences. Indeed, damage to the inferior olive produces motor deficits characterized by the loss of precisely timed muscle activation. To investigate the interaction of the motor cortex and olivocerebellar system in motor control whisker movements will be evoked by motor cortex stimuli, and the influence of olivocerebellar activity on the evoked movements will be determined. The whisker movements will be recorded using a high speed videotape system. Olivocerebellar activity will be monitored with multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity from Purkinje cells, the main target of the olivocerebellar system. Multiple electrode recordings allow determination of the spatial patterns of synchronous CS activity. The first goal will be to investigate how CS responses to motor cortical activity are shaped by the oscillatory properties of the inferior olivary neurons. The second goal will be to test the hypothesis that the periodic synchronous discharges of the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy cortical activity are shaped by the oscillatory properties of the inferior olivary neurons. The second goal will be to test the hypothesis that the periodic synchronous discharges of the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy of motor cortex activity to generate movements. That is, to test the idea that the rhythmic nature of olivocerebellar activity allows it to function as a internal clock for organizing motor outputs in time. The third goal will be to determine the major brain sites where the interactions between these systems occur. Finally the question of whether changes in the patterns of synchronous discharge of the olivocerebellar system result in changes in the pattern of coupling of different muscles will be addressed. In sum, these experiments should help define the role of the olivocerebellar system in motor control as well as the reasons why cerebellar damage results in motor coordination deficits. They represent a step toward the more general goal of understanding cerebro-cerebellar interactions in motor control.