Drivers of Resistance in Uganda and Malawi: The DRUM Consortium

乌干达和马拉维抵抗运动的推动者：DRUM 联盟

• 批准号: MR/S004793/1
• 负责人: Nicholas Feasey
• 金额: $ 388.14万
• 依托单位: Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS004793%2F1
• 关键词: Drivers; Resistance; Uganda; Malawi; DRUM

The discovery and development of antibiotics is one of the great scientific achievements of the 20th Century, however it rapidly became clear that bacteria quickly become resistant to these lifesaving agents, and the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is now a problem of global concern. The poorest nations on Earth frequently have the greatest burden of severe and life threatening infections, and these nations are likely to suffer most from the spread of untreatable bacteria. There is much that is unknown about how antibiotic resistance spreads globally and this is particularly true of sub-Saharan Africa, where diagnostic laboratories are not commonly available.The "Drivers of Resistance in Uganda and Malawi" or DRUM Consortium will address how human behaviour and antibacterial usage in the home, around animals and in the wider environment in urban and rural areas of Uganda and Malawi contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The consortium is especially interested in the common bacteria E. coli and K. pneumoniae. E. coli is an example of a bacteria that often causes infections in the community, but may also spread around hospitals, whereas K. pneumoniae is a key cause of hospital acquired infections, particularly amongst vulnerable groups such as premature babies. We have chosen to study these bacteria together as they are from the same family and are able to share traits that make them resistant to antibiotics. The DRUM consortium plans to investigate which aspects of behaviour are most important in spreading antibiotic resistance by surveying human behaviour in relation to antibiotics, water, sanitation and hygiene and by investigating bacterial behaviour in response to these stimuli. We plan to use cutting edge mathematical techniques to "model" which behaviours are most important and then use this information to work with policy experts in Uganda and Malawi to design potential interventions to prevent them from spreading further.

抗生素的发现和发展是20世纪最伟大的科学成就之一，然而，人们很快就发现，细菌很快就对这些救命药物产生了耐药性，耐抗生素细菌的传播现在是一个全球关注的问题。地球上最贫穷的国家往往承受着严重和威胁生命的感染的最大负担，这些国家很可能受到无法治愈的细菌传播的最严重影响。关于抗生素耐药性如何在全球传播还有很多未知之处，在诊断实验室并不普遍的撒哈拉以南非洲尤其如此。“乌干达和马拉维耐药性驱动因素”（DRUM Consortium）项目将研究乌干达和马拉维城乡地区家庭、动物周围以及更广泛环境中的人类行为和抗菌药物使用如何促进细菌中抗生素耐药性的传播。该联盟对常见细菌大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌特别感兴趣。大肠杆菌是一种经常在社区引起感染的细菌，但也可能在医院周围传播，而肺炎克雷伯菌是医院获得性感染的主要原因，特别是在早产儿等脆弱群体中。我们选择一起研究这些细菌，因为它们来自同一个家族，并且能够共享使它们对抗生素具有抗性的特征。DRUM联盟计划通过调查与抗生素、水、环境卫生和个人卫生有关的人类行为以及调查对这些刺激作出反应的细菌行为，来调查行为的哪些方面在传播抗生素耐药性方面最重要。我们计划使用尖端的数学技术来“模拟”哪些行为是最重要的，然后利用这些信息与乌干达和马拉维的政策专家合作，设计潜在的干预措施，以防止它们进一步传播。

项目成果

Antibiotic Arrivals in Africa: A Case Study of Yaws and Syphilis in Malawi, Zimbabwe and Uganda

抗生素抵达非洲：马拉维、津巴布韦和乌干达雅司病和梅毒案例研究

• DOI: 10.17157/mat.9.3.5633
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Medicine Anthropology Theory
• 作者: Chandler C

Risk of mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 202012/1: matched cohort study.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n579
• 发表时间: 2021-03-09
• 期刊: BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
• 作者: Challen R;Brooks-Pollock E;Read JM;Dyson L;Tsaneva-Atanasova K;Danon L
• 通讯作者: Danon L

Piperacillin/tazobactam-resistant, cephalosporin-susceptible Escherichia coli bloodstream infections are driven by multiple acquisition of resistance across diverse sequence types.

• DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000789
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: MICROBIAL GENOMICS
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Edwards, Thomas;Heinz, Eva;van Aartsen, Jon;Howard, Alex;Roberts, Paul;Corless, Caroline;Fraser, Alice J.;Williams, Christopher T.;Bulgasim, Issra;Cuevas, Luis E.;Parry, Christopher M.;Roberts, Adam P.;Adams, Emily R.;Mason, Jenifer;Hubbard, Alasdair T. M.
• 通讯作者: Hubbard, Alasdair T. M.

Antibiotic stories: a mixed-methods, multi-country analysis of household antibiotic use in Malawi, Uganda and Zimbabwe.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006920
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: BMJ global health
• 影响因子: 8.1
• 作者: Dixon J;MacPherson EE;Nayiga S;Manyau S;Nabirye C;Kayendeke M;Sanudi E;Nkaombe A;Mareke P;Sitole K;de Lima Hutchison C;Bradley J;Yeung S;Ferrand RA;Lal S;Roberts C;Green E;Denyer Willis L;Staedke SG;Chandler CIR
• 通讯作者: Chandler CIR

The population attributable fraction of cases due to gatherings and groups with relevance to COVID-19 mitigation strategies.

• DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0273
• 发表时间: 2021-07-19
• 期刊: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
• 作者: Brooks-Pollock E;Read JM;House T;Medley GF;Keeling MJ;Danon L
• 通讯作者: Danon L