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MICROSTIMULATION OF THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINAL CORD- MAPPING

腰骶脊髓映射的微刺激

基本信息

批准号：
6154522
负责人：
JAMES R ROPPOLO
金额：
$ 31.67万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-09-30 至 2001-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6154522
关键词：
Chordata afferent nerve disease /disorder model functional ability knee lumbosacral region male medical implant science microelectrodes motor neurons neuroanatomy neuromuscular stimulator psychomotor function spinal cord injury spinal cord mapping urinary bladder sphincter disorder urinary tract prosthesis urination

项目摘要

The objective of this research is to explore the safety and effectiveness of microstimulation of the spinal cord. If successful, such a technique could be part of a prosthesis to restore genito- urinary, bowel, and other motor functions to victims of spinal cord injury. Information from spinal cord microstimulation studies is especially needed by designers of neural prostheses for paraplegic individuals who have sustained injuries to their spinal cords above the lumbosacral region. In particular, evidence from current studies indicate that is possible to selectively excite neurons innervating the bladder detrusor muscle while simultaneously stimulating interneurons which have inhibitory synaptic connections with neurons innervating the external urethral sphincter. Likewise, discrete control of penile erection, ejaculation, bowel evacuation, and control of the somatic musculature of the limbs may be possible by selective spinal cord microstimulation below the level of spinal cord injury. Current contract research has provided information about the locations of afferent and efferent neurons as well as interneurons controlling urinary function in the cat spinal cord using both normal and spinalized animals. Limited mapping has also been performed on the neurons that control erection in the male cat. The current contract research is also studying the possibility of controlling, by spinal cord microstimulation, the somatic musculature of individuals paralyzed as the result of spinal cord injuries. As an initial feasibility study, the locations of the neurons controlling the flexors and extensors of the knee are being mapped. Microstimulation of these mapped areas has demonstrated activation of both knee flexors and extensors. The present research will provide more detailed maps, and will determine quantitatively, the degree of motor control of paralyzed muscles that can be produced by microstimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord.

本研究的目的是探讨安全性和脊髓微刺激的有效性。如果成功的话，这种技术可以成为修复生殖器的假肢的一部分脊髓损伤患者的泌尿、肠道和其他运动功能受伤。来自脊髓微刺激研究的信息是截瘫神经假体的设计者尤其需要脊髓受到以上损伤的人腰骶部区域。特别是，当前研究的证据表明可以选择性地兴奋支配神经的神经元膀胱逼尿肌，同时刺激中间神经元与支配神经元的神经元有抑制性突触连接尿道外括约肌。同样，对阴茎的离散控制勃起、射精、排便和躯体控制四肢的肌肉组织可能通过选择性脊髓而成为可能脊髓损伤水平以下的微刺激。目前的合同研究提供了有关地点的信息传入和传出神经元以及中间神经元控制使用正常和脊髓化的猫脊髓的泌尿功能动物。还对神经元进行了有限的映射控制公猫的勃起。目前的合同研究还研究脊髓控制的可能性微刺激，瘫痪个体的躯体肌肉组织脊髓损伤的结果。作为初步可行性研究，控制屈肌和伸肌的神经元的位置膝盖正在被绘制。对这些映射区域的微刺激表现出膝关节屈肌和伸肌的激活。现在的研究将提供更详细的地图，并将确定从数量上讲，瘫痪肌肉的运动控制程度可以通过腰骶脊髓的微刺激来产生。