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Integrating participatory approaches and traditional models to strengthen One Health responses to zoonotic diseases in India's changing environments

整合参与性方法和传统模式，在印度不断变化的环境中加强对人畜共患疾病的“同一个健康”应对措施

基本信息

批准号：
MR/S012893/1
负责人：
Bethan Purse
金额：
$ 25.72万
依托单位：
NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS012893%2F1
关键词：
Integrating participatory approaches traditional models

项目摘要

Zoonotic pathogens, that circulate between animals and humans, like the Leishmaniases, and Nipah and Chikungunya viruses, cause 60% of emerging infectious disease events worldwide and disproportionately affect people in tropical, resource-poor areas. Aside from impairing human and animal health, zoonotic diseases are detrimental to livelihoods and economies, for example, preventing small-holder farmers being lifted out of poverty by increasing livestock production. The impacts of zoonotic diseases are increasing and shifting globally, as the environment and societies undergo rapid change. Our lack of knowledge on how these pathogens circulate between wildlife, livestock (as well as possible insect and tick vectors) and people, and how people are exposed as they use the landscape makes it difficult to understand these changes in terms of impact, and to develop effective disease control strategies in many local settings. Effective management and understanding of zoonotic diseases requires cooperation of policy-makers and managers from across the animal health, human health, agriculture and environment sectors, from national and international decision-makers down to district managers that all interact with the disease system, as advocated by the global One Health initiative, that recognises the "interconnectedness of human health, wildlife and domestic animal health and the environment". Surveillance, decisions and policy need to be better integrated across sectors, and research that leads to informatics to support management decisions, like maps and forecasts must be informed by the knowledge, priorities and needs of local disease managers and policy makers. More-over, neglected endemic pathogens that affect poor communities need to be better represented in policy frameworks and surveillance systems.Focussing in India as a key global hotspot for endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases and small-holder livestock communities, and bringing together a network of stakeholders with experts in public and animal health, ecology, epidemiology and social science, this project aims to reduce health, welfare and livelihood impacts of zoonotic diseases by better understanding links between surveillance, knowledge, research and models across sectors and improving current information systems that support intervention. The research underpinning these improvements will include:(1) Mapping of key stakeholders in each sector, their priorities and needs for decision-support tools (2) Identifying where surveillance data, knowledge and skills exist and could be leveraged across sectors to better understand and manage zoonotic diseases(3) Understanding the full range of potential socio-ecological drivers that might cause disease impacts to increase (4) Interpreting geographical patterns in disease impacts in relation to environmental data within models to disentangle social, climate and landscape factors precipitating disease for case-study diseases and settings and, in turn, predicting outcomes of intervention(5) Building capacity in research, data analysis and cross-sectoral collaboration to underpin future One Health approaches in India.Improved decision-support tools will help disease managers to better target vaccination and communication efforts towards the communities that are most at risk and help managers in agriculture and environmental sectors to understand how, for these communities, disease impacts may coincide with other negative impacts of environmental change. The project platform and approach of co-developing research and decision support tools on zoonotic diseases with stakeholders across sectors, accounting for their needs and underlying ecological and social processes, will build significant capacity in science, policy and practitioners to respond to these emerging and endemic global threats.

在动物和人类之间传播的人畜共患病原体，如利什曼病、尼帕病毒和基孔肯雅病毒，造成了全世界60%的新发传染病事件，对热带资源贫乏地区的人们造成了不成比例的影响。除了损害人类和动物健康外，人畜共患疾病还对生计和经济有害，例如，妨碍小农通过增加牲畜生产摆脱贫困。随着环境和社会的快速变化，人畜共患疾病的影响正在增加并在全球范围内发生变化。我们缺乏关于这些病原体如何在野生动物、牲畜（以及可能的昆虫和蜱虫媒介）和人类之间传播的知识，以及人们在使用景观时如何接触到这些病原体，这使得我们很难从影响方面理解这些变化，也很难在许多地方环境中制定有效的疾病控制战略。有效管理和了解人畜共患疾病需要动物卫生、人类卫生、农业和环境部门的决策者和管理者之间的合作，上至国家和国际决策者，下至地区管理者，他们都与疾病系统相互作用，正如全球“同一个健康”倡议所倡导的那样，该倡议承认“人类健康、野生动物和家畜健康与环境之间的相互联系”。监测、决策和政策需要更好地跨部门整合，导致信息学支持管理决策（如地图和预测）的研究必须以当地疾病管理人员和决策者的知识、优先事项和需求为依据。此外，影响贫困社区的被忽视的地方性病原体需要在政策框架和监测系统中得到更好的体现。该项目以印度为重点，将其作为地方性和新出现的人畜共患疾病和小农牲畜社区的关键全球热点，并将利益攸关方网络与公共和动物卫生、生态学、流行病学和社会科学方面的专家聚集在一起，旨在通过更好地了解监测、知识和社会科学之间的联系，减少人畜共患疾病对健康、福利和生计的影响。跨部门研究和建模，改进支持干预的现有信息系统。支持这些改进的研究将包括：(1)绘制每个部门的关键利益相关者的地图，他们的优先事项和对决策支持工具的需求(2)确定监测数据在哪里，现有知识和技能，可以跨部门加以利用，以更好地了解和管理人畜共患疾病(3)了解可能导致疾病影响增加的所有潜在社会生态驱动因素(4)根据模型内的环境数据解释疾病影响的地理格局，以理清促成案例研究疾病和环境疾病的社会、气候和景观因素，进而，(5)在研究、数据分析和跨部门合作方面建设能力，以支持印度未来的“同一个健康”方针。改进的决策支持工具将帮助疾病管理人员更好地针对风险最大的社区开展疫苗接种和沟通工作，并帮助农业和环境部门的管理人员了解对这些社区而言，疾病影响如何可能与环境变化的其他负面影响同时发生。考虑到各部门利益攸关方的需求和潜在的生态和社会进程，与他们共同开发关于人畜共患疾病的研究和决策支持工具的项目平台和方法，将在科学、政策和从业人员方面建立重大能力，以应对这些新出现的地方性全球威胁。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Additional file 2 of Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control

附加文件 2：在印度实施“同一个健康”方法：人畜共患病预防和控制有效跨部门融合的促进因素和障碍

DOI：
10.6084/m9.figshare.15128298
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Asaaga F
通讯作者：
Asaaga F

Additional file 5 of Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control

附加文件 5：在印度实施“同一个健康”方法：人畜共患病预防和控制有效跨部门融合的促进因素和障碍

DOI：
10.6084/m9.figshare.15128307
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Asaaga F
通讯作者：
Asaaga F

Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control.

在印度运营“一种健康”方法：有效的人畜共患病预防和控制的有效跨部门融合的障碍。

DOI：
10.1186/s12889-021-11545-7
发表时间：
2021-08-06
期刊：
BMC public health
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Asaaga FA;Young JC;Oommen MA;Chandarana R;August J;Joshi J;Chanda MM;Vanak AT;Srinivas PN;Hoti SL;Seshadri T;Purse BV
通讯作者：
Purse BV

Additional file 1 of Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control

附加文件 1：在印度实施“同一个健康”方法：人畜共患病预防和控制有效跨部门融合的促进因素和障碍