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Integrating participatory approaches and traditional models to strengthen One Health responses to zoonotic diseases in India's changing environments

整合参与性方法和传统模式，在印度不断变化的环境中加强对人畜共患疾病的“同一个健康”应对措施

基本信息

批准号：
MR/S012893/2
负责人：
Bethan Purse
金额：
$ 16.12万
依托单位：
UK CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS012893%2F2
关键词：
Integrating participatory approaches traditional models

项目摘要

Zoonotic pathogens, that circulate between animals and humans, like the Leishmaniases, and Nipah and Chikungunya viruses, cause 60% of emerging infectious disease events worldwide and disproportionately affect people in tropical, resource-poor areas. Aside from impairing human and animal health, zoonotic diseases are detrimental to livelihoods and economies, for example, preventing small-holder farmers being lifted out of poverty by increasing livestock production. The impacts of zoonotic diseases are increasing and shifting globally, as the environment and societies undergo rapid change. Our lack of knowledge on how these pathogens circulate between wildlife, livestock (as well as possible insect and tick vectors) and people, and how people are exposed as they use the landscape makes it difficult to understand these changes in terms of impact, and to develop effective disease control strategies in many local settings. Effective management and understanding of zoonotic diseases requires cooperation of policy-makers and managers from across the animal health, human health, agriculture and environment sectors, from national and international decision-makers down to district managers that all interact with the disease system, as advocated by the global One Health initiative, that recognises the "interconnectedness of human health, wildlife and domestic animal health and the environment". Surveillance, decisions and policy need to be better integrated across sectors, and research that leads to informatics to support management decisions, like maps and forecasts must be informed by the knowledge, priorities and needs of local disease managers and policy makers. More-over, neglected endemic pathogens that affect poor communities need to be better represented in policy frameworks and surveillance systems.Focussing in India as a key global hotspot for endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases and small-holder livestock communities, and bringing together a network of stakeholders with experts in public and animal health, ecology, epidemiology and social science, this project aims to reduce health, welfare and livelihood impacts of zoonotic diseases by better understanding links between surveillance, knowledge, research and models across sectors and improving current information systems that support intervention. The research underpinning these improvements will include:(1) Mapping of key stakeholders in each sector, their priorities and needs for decision-support tools (2) Identifying where surveillance data, knowledge and skills exist and could be leveraged across sectors to better understand and manage zoonotic diseases(3) Understanding the full range of potential socio-ecological drivers that might cause disease impacts to increase (4) Interpreting geographical patterns in disease impacts in relation to environmental data within models to disentangle social, climate and landscape factors precipitating disease for case-study diseases and settings and, in turn, predicting outcomes of intervention(5) Building capacity in research, data analysis and cross-sectoral collaboration to underpin future One Health approaches in India.Improved decision-support tools will help disease managers to better target vaccination and communication efforts towards the communities that are most at risk and help managers in agriculture and environmental sectors to understand how, for these communities, disease impacts may coincide with other negative impacts of environmental change. The project platform and approach of co-developing research and decision support tools on zoonotic diseases with stakeholders across sectors, accounting for their needs and underlying ecological and social processes, will build significant capacity in science, policy and practitioners to respond to these emerging and endemic global threats.

利什曼病、尼帕病毒和基孔肯雅病毒等在动物和人类之间传播的人畜共患病病原体导致了全球 60% 的新发传染病事件，并且对热带资源贫乏地区的人们造成了不成比例的影响。除了损害人类和动物健康外，人畜共患疾病还损害生计和经济，例如，阻碍小农通过增加畜牧生产摆脱贫困。随着环境和社会发生快速变化，人畜共患疾病的影响在全球范围内不断增加和变化。我们缺乏对这些病原体如何在野生动物、牲畜（以及可能的昆虫和蜱虫媒介）和人类之间传播以及人们在使用景观时如何接触的了解，因此很难理解这些变化的影响，也很难在许多当地环境中制定有效的疾病控制策略。有效管理和了解人畜共患疾病需要来自动物健康、人类健康、农业和环境部门的决策者和管理者的合作，从国家和国际决策者到地区管理者，他们都与疾病系统相互作用，正如全球“同一个健康”倡议所倡导的那样，该倡议认识到“人类健康、野生动物和家畜健康与环境之间的相互联系”。监测、决策和政策需要更好地跨部门整合，而支持管理决策的信息学研究（如地图和预测）必须了解当地疾病管理者和政策制定者的知识、优先事项和需求。此外，影响贫困社区的被忽视的地方性病原体需要在政策框架和监测系统中得到更好的体现。该项目将印度作为地方性和新出现的人畜共患病和小规模牲畜社区的全球主要热点地区，并将利益相关者网络与公共和动物健康、生态学、流行病学和社会科学领域的专家聚集在一起，旨在减少健康、福利和通过更好地了解跨部门监测、知识、研究和模型之间的联系，并改进支持干预的现有信息系统，消除人畜共患疾病对生计的影响。支持这些改进的研究将包括：(1) 绘制每个部门的主要利益相关者、他们的优先事项和对决策支持工具的需求 (2) 确定监测数据、知识和技能的存在位置，并可跨部门利用这些数据、知识和技能来更好地了解和管理人畜共患疾病 (3) 了解可能导致疾病影响增加的全部潜在社会生态驱动因素 (4) 解释疾病影响的地理模式模型中的环境数据，以理清导致疾病发生的社会、气候和景观因素，进行案例研究疾病和环境，进而预测干预结果(5) 建设研究、数据分析和跨部门合作的能力，以支持印度未来的“同一个健康”方法。改进的决策支持工具将帮助疾病管理者更好地针对风险最大的社区进行疫苗接种和沟通工作，并帮助农业管理者环境部门了解对于这些社区来说，疾病影响如何与环境变化的其他负面影响同时发生。与各部门利益相关者共同开发人畜共患疾病研究和决策支持工具的项目平台和方法，考虑到他们的需求以及潜在的生态和社会进程，将在科学、政策和从业人员方面建立重要的能力，以应对这些新出现和流行的全球威胁。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Additional file 2 of Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control

附加文件 2：在印度实施“同一个健康”方法：人畜共患病预防和控制有效跨部门融合的促进因素和障碍

DOI：
10.6084/m9.figshare.15128298
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Asaaga F
通讯作者：
Asaaga F

Additional file 5 of Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control

附加文件 5：在印度实施“同一个健康”方法：人畜共患病预防和控制有效跨部门融合的促进因素和障碍

DOI：
10.6084/m9.figshare.15128307
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Asaaga F
通讯作者：
Asaaga F

Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control.

在印度运营“一种健康”方法：有效的人畜共患病预防和控制的有效跨部门融合的障碍。

DOI：
10.1186/s12889-021-11545-7
发表时间：
2021-08-06
期刊：
BMC public health
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Asaaga FA;Young JC;Oommen MA;Chandarana R;August J;Joshi J;Chanda MM;Vanak AT;Srinivas PN;Hoti SL;Seshadri T;Purse BV
通讯作者：
Purse BV

Additional file 1 of Operationalising the "One Health" approach in India: facilitators of and barriers to effective cross-sector convergence for zoonoses prevention and control

附加文件 1：在印度实施“同一个健康”方法：人畜共患病预防和控制有效跨部门融合的促进因素和障碍