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IndiaZooRisk+: Using OneHealth approaches to understand and co-develop interventions for zoonotic diseases affecting forest communities in India

IndiaZooRisk：利用 OneHealth 方法了解影响印度森林社区的人畜共患疾病并共同制定干预措施

基本信息

批准号：
MR/T029846/1
负责人：
Bethan Purse
金额：
$ 289.61万
依托单位：
UK CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT029846%2F1
关键词：
IndiaZooRisk+Using OneHealth approaches understand

项目摘要

Zoonotic diseases (that spread from animals to humans) disproportionately affect poor tropical communities and can lead to loss of life, impaired livelihoods, health and welfare. Forest habitats are a significant source of such diseases. For communities that depend on forests for food, fuel and income, accessing forests comes with the increased risk of being exposed to zoonotic pathogens. Although we know that zoonotic diseases are increasing globally, we still lack knowledge on how these diseases circulate between wildlife, livestock and people as they use forests, and how environmental changes like forest degradation interact with human migration, local culture and society (knowledge sharing), and policy (land tenure, disease prioritisation) to exacerbate emergence and spread. Focussing on India as a key global hotspot for endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases and bringing together a network of policy makers and practitioners from the human health, animal health and environmental sectors with experts (public and animal health, ecology, epidemiology and social science) - thereby following the One Health approach -, this project aims to reduce health, welfare and livelihood impacts of zoonotic diseases by (1) better understanding the impacts of different drivers on health outcomes and spread of zoonotic diseases (2) co-develop improved interventions, integrating traditional knowledge, with affected forest communities and, thereby building the capacity of local communities to be more resilient to zoonotic diseases. Three neglected zoonotic diseases, Leptospirosis, Kyasanur forest Disease and Scrub Typhus that are widespread across the Western Ghats forest communities and cause severe complications and death if untreated, yet have different transmission routes, will be taken as key case-studies for field research. The research underpinning these improvements will include:(1) understanding how local culture and policies, nutrition and environment factors affect community interventions, perceptions and health outcomes from zoonotic diseases.(2) investigating how different communities share knowledge on diseases and health intervention, including traditional knowledge, both with each other and with practitioners and managers, to improve communication strategies.(3) studying the role of different wildlife and livestock hosts and tick and mite vectors in transmission of disease to humans in different seasons.(4) understanding how long distance seasonal migration of pastoralists may promote resilience or increase their exposure to diseases and environmental change.(5) developing computer models and risk maps, integrating environmental and social data, for predicting the distribution and spread of diseases.(6) building capacity in research, data analysis and cross-sectoral collaboration to underpin future One Health approaches in India.Improved decision-support tools and Apps and prioritisation of traditional knowledge will help disease managers, policy makers and community workers to develop novel interventions and better target vaccination and communication efforts towards the communities that are most at risk and help managers in agriculture and environmental sectors to understand how, for these communities, disease impacts may coincide with other negative impacts of environmental change. The project platform and approach of co-developing research, training and decision support tools on zoonotic diseases with stakeholders across sectors, accounting for their needs and underlying ecological and social processes, will build significant capacity in science, policy and practitioners to respond to these emerging and endemic global threats in India and beyond.

人畜共患疾病（从动物传播到人类）对贫穷的热带社区的影响尤为严重，可能导致生命损失、生计受损、健康和福利受损。森林生境是这类疾病的重要来源。对于依靠森林提供食物、燃料和收入的社区来说，进入森林会增加接触人畜共患病病原体的风险。尽管我们知道人畜共患病在全球范围内不断增加，但我们仍然缺乏关于这些疾病如何在野生动物、牲畜和人类之间传播的知识，以及森林退化等环境变化如何与人类迁移、当地文化和社会（知识共享）以及政策（土地保有权、疾病优先级）相互作用，以加剧疾病的出现和传播。重点关注印度作为地方性和新发人畜共患病的全球主要热点地区，并将人类健康、动物健康和环境部门的决策者和从业人员与专家聚集在一起（公共和动物健康、生态学、流行病学和社会科学）-从而遵循“一个健康”的方法-该项目旨在减少健康，人畜共患疾病对福利和生计的影响，具体做法是：（1）更好地了解不同驱动因素对健康结果和人畜共患疾病传播的影响;（2）与受影响的森林社区结合传统知识，共同制定更好的干预措施;从而建设地方社区的能力，使其更能抵御人畜共患疾病。三种被忽视的人畜共患疾病，钩端螺旋体病，Kyasanur森林病和丛林斑疹伤寒，在西高止山脉森林社区广泛传播，如果不治疗，会导致严重的并发症和死亡，但有不同的传播途径，将作为实地研究的关键案例研究。支持这些改进的研究将包括：（1）了解当地文化和政策，营养和环境因素如何影响社区干预，对人畜共患病的看法和健康结果。(2)调查不同社区如何在彼此之间以及与从业人员和管理人员分享关于疾病和保健干预措施的知识，包括传统知识，以改进交流战略。(3)研究不同的野生动物和牲畜宿主以及蜱虫和螨类媒介在不同季节将疾病传播给人类方面的作用。(4)了解牧民季节性迁移的距离有多长，可促进复原力，或增加他们受疾病和环境变化影响的机会。(5)开发计算机模型和风险地图，整合环境和社会数据，以预测疾病的分布和传播。(6)在研究、数据分析和跨部门合作方面进行能力建设，以支持印度未来的“一个健康”方法。改进的决策支持工具和应用程序以及传统知识的优先次序将有助于疾病管理人员，政策制定者和社区工作者制定新的干预措施，更好地针对风险最大的社区开展疫苗接种和宣传工作，并帮助农业和环境部门的管理人员，了解疾病对这些社区的影响如何与环境变化的其他负面影响同时发生。与各部门利益攸关方共同开发关于人畜共患病的研究、培训和决策支持工具的项目平台和方法，考虑到他们的需求和基本的生态和社会进程，将在科学、政策和从业人员方面建立重要的能力，以应对印度和其他地区新出现的和地方性的全球威胁。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Using mechanistic models to highlight research priorities for tick-borne zoonotic diseases: Improving our understanding of the ecology and maintenance of Kyasanur Forest Disease in India

使用机制模型突出蜱传人畜共患疾病的研究重点：提高我们对印度 Kyasanur 森林病害的生态和维护的了解

DOI：
10.1101/2022.10.17.512427
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Hassall R
通讯作者：
Hassall R

'None of my ancestors ever discussed this disease before!' How disease information shapes adaptive capacity of marginalised rural populations in India.

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009265
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Asaaga FA;Rahman M;Kalegowda SD;Mathapati J;Savanur I;Srinivas PN;Seshadri T;Narayanswamy D;Kiran SK;Oommen MA;Young JC;Purse BV
通讯作者：
Purse BV

A One Health Ecosystem Approach for Understanding and Mitigating Spill-Over of Tick-Borne Diseases in India's Degraded Forests

一种了解和减轻印度退化森林中蜱传疾病蔓延的单一健康生态系统方法

DOI：
10.1079/onehealthcases.2023.0011
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
One Health Cases
影响因子：
0
作者：
Purse B
通讯作者：
Purse B

Co-production of knowledge as part of a OneHealth approach to better control zoonotic diseases.

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000075
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
PLOS global public health
影响因子：
0
作者：
通讯作者：

The role of social vulnerability in improving interventions for neglected zoonotic diseases: The example of Kyasanur Forest Disease in India.

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000758
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
PLOS global public health
影响因子：
0
作者：
Asaaga, Festus A;Purse, Bethan V;Rahman, Mujeeb;Srinivas, Prashanth N;Kalegowda, Suresh D;Seshadri, Tanya;Young, Juliette C;Oommen, Meera A
通讯作者：
Oommen, Meera A