FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF FACIAL MUSCLES

面部肌肉的功能组织

• 批准号: 6107420
• 负责人: LAWRENCE EDWARD WINESKI
• 金额: $ 9.59万
• 依托单位: MOREHOUSE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 1999-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6107420
• 关键词: SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; atrophy; beta adrenergic agent; densitometry; facial muscles; fiber cell; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; gene expression; gravity; immunocytochemistry; laboratory rat; mechanical pressure; muscle hypertrophy; muscle proteins; neuromuscular function; northern blottings; photomicrography; protein metabolism; vibrissae

Facial muscle are unique forms of mammalian skeletal muscle. The long- range goal of this research is to define the biological properties of facial muscles relative to other skeletal muscles. This project will focus on the response of facial muscles to certain biomechanical alterations and pharmacologic counter measures. Micro-gravity and other mechanical unloading conditions produce significant morphological changes in skeletal muscles in the hind-limbs and body wall, and also cause redistribution of blood and interstitial fluid toward the head. Certain beta-adrenoreceptor agonists promote lean skeletal muscle mass, and may mitigate the effects of unloading on skeletal muscles in the limbs. However, the effects of unloading conditions of facial and other cranial muscles, and the mechanisms by which beta-agonists act are not understood. The two working hypotheses of this project are: (1) Facial muscles will undergo hypertrophic changes while hind-limb muscles will undergo degenerative changes in responses to generalized unloading conditions; (2) Facial muscle will undergo more dramatic hypertrophic changes than limb muscles in response to beta-adrenergic agonist therapy that is designed to counteract the effects of generalized unloading. These hypothesis will be tested via two specific aims. Specific Aim (1): Compare certain structural and functional properties (muscle mass, fiber type composition, muscle protein metabolism, muscle energy metabolism, beta-adrenoreceptor expression, muscle-specific gene expression) of the vibrissae-operating facial muscle and selected hind-limb muscles (soleus, plantaris, extensor digitorum longus) in the adult rat under normal and hind-limb-suspension conditions. Specific Aim (2): Compare the muscle properties defined in Specific Aim (1) in adult rats treated with the beta-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol under normal and hind-limb-suspension-suspension conditions. Defining the responses of facial and hind-limb muscles to generalized unloading conditions (Specific Aim 1) will help clarify how muscle structure and function are differentially maintained, and how altered leading promotes muscle atrophy and/or hypertrophy in muscle-specific and/or region-specific patterns. Defining the responses of the muscle to beta-agonist therapy (Specific Aim 2) will help elucidate the mechanisms underlying beta-agonist effects, and will also aid in devising effective multi-component counter-measures (e.g., exercise, nutrition, drugs, hormones) to muscle atrophy and/or hypertrophy under common conditions (e.g., in astronauts in a "weightless" environment).

面部肌肉是哺乳动物骨骼肌的独特形式。长- 这项研究的目标是确定生物特性 面部肌肉相对于其他骨骼肌。该项目将重点 面部肌肉对某些生物力学变化的反应以及 药理对策。微重力和其他机械 卸载条件会导致骨骼发生显着的形态变化 后肢和体壁的肌肉，也会引起肌肉的重新分布 血液和间质液流向头部。某些β-肾上腺素受体 激动剂可促进瘦骨骼肌质量，并可能减轻影响 四肢骨骼肌的卸载。然而，影响 面部和其他颅肌的卸载条件，以及 β-激动剂的作用机制尚不清楚。两人工作 该项目的假设是：（1）面部肌肉将经历 肥大的变化，而后肢肌肉会发生退化 对广义卸载条件的响应发生变化； (2) 面部护理 肌肉会比四肢肌肉发生更剧烈的肥厚变化 响应β-肾上腺素能激动剂疗法，旨在 抵消广义卸载的影响。这些假设将 通过两个特定目标进行测试。具体目标（1）：比较某些结构 和功能特性（肌肉质量、纤维类型组成、肌肉 蛋白质代谢、肌肉能量代谢、β-肾上腺素受体 触须操作的表达（肌肉特异性基因表达） 面部肌肉和选定的后肢肌肉（比目鱼肌、跖肌、伸肌） 正常和后肢悬吊的成年大鼠的趾长肌） 状况。具体目标 (2)：比较中定义的肌肉特性 用 β-肾上腺素能激动剂治疗成年大鼠的具体目标 (1) 正常和后肢悬吊条件下的克伦特罗。 定义面部和后肢肌肉对广义的反应 卸载条件（具体目标 1）将有助于阐明肌肉如何 结构和功能的维护有差异，以及如何改变 领先会促进肌肉特异性的肌肉萎缩和/或肥大 和/或特定区域的模式。定义肌肉的反应 β-激动剂疗法（具体目标 2）将有助于阐明其机制 潜在的β激动剂效应，也将有助于设计有效的 多方面的对策（例如运动、营养、药物、 激素）在常见情况下导致肌肉萎缩和/或肥大 （例如，宇航员处于“失重”环境中）。